Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Problema: Refletir o impacto do exercício da amamentação para a saúde mental da mulher,
nomeadamente procurando compreender a influência dos estereótipos de género nas questões
da maternidade. Objetivo: Investigar se quem tem estereótipos de género mais rígidos é
também quem tem uma perspetiva de amamentação mais rígida, além de explorar relações com
variáveis sociodemográficas e socioclínicas. Método: 1227 mulheres entre 19 e 49 anos
(M=33.0; DP=4.87). Estado civil: 121 solteiras, 482 união de facto, 610 casadas, 13 divorciadas
e uma viúva. Habilitações literárias: 38 ensino básico e 345 ensino secundário e em ensino
superior 530 licenciaturas, 292 mestrados e 22 doutoramentos. Situação profissional: 15
estudantes, 47 regimes de baixa médica, 213 desempregadas e 952 empregados. A condição
necessária à participação era nos últimos dois anos terem sido mães ou terem amamentado. Os
instrumentos utilizados foram Questionário sociodemográfico e socioclínico, Questionário de
Atitudes Face à Amamentação (QAFA) e o Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). Resultados:
Associação positiva e significativa do QAFA com o ASI. O sexismo hostil encontra-se
correlacionado positivamente com “Obrigações” e Limitações” e o sexismo benévolo com
“Benefícios”, “Obrigações” e “Limitações”. As mulheres divorciadas, em regime de baixa
médica e com o ensino básico apresentam tendência para atitudes mais favoráveis à
amamentação e as solteiras, em regime de baixa médica e doutoramento exibem inclinação para
mais sexismo. Discussão: Quanto mais favoráveis as atitudes face à amamentação, maiores os
níveis de sexismo. Apesar de não serem encontradas diferenças significativas com as variáveis
sociodemográficas e socioclínicas as propensões permitem uma reflexão
Problem: Reflecting the impact of breastfeeding on women's mental health, namely seeking to understand the influence of gender stereotypes on motherhood issues. Objective: To investigate whether those who have more rigid gender stereotypes are also those who have a more rigid breastfeeding perspective, in addition to exploring relationships with sociodemographic and socioclinical variables. Method: 1227 women between 19 and 49 years old (M = 33.0; SD = 4.87). Marital status: 121 single, 482 civil union, 610 married, 13 divorced and one widow. Academic qualifications: 38 basic education and 345 secondary education and in higher education 530 bachelor’s degrees, 292 masters and 22 PhD. Professional status: 15 students, 47 in sick leave, 213 unemployed and 952 employees. The required condition for participation was, in the last two years, having been a mother or having breastfed. The instruments used were the sociodemographic and socioclinical questionnaire, Questionário de Atitudes Face à Amamentação (QAFA) and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). Results: Positive and significant association of the QAFA with the ASI. Hostile sexism is positively correlated with "Obligations" and ''Limitations" and benign sexism with "Benefits", "Obligations" and "Limitations". Divorced women, on sick leave and with basic education tend to have more favorable attitudes towards breastfeeding, and single women, on sick leave and PhD show an inclination towards for more sexism. Discussion: The more favorable the attitudes towards breastfeeding, the greater the levels of sexism. Although no significant differences were found with sociodemographic and socioclinical variables, the propensities allow for a reflection
Problem: Reflecting the impact of breastfeeding on women's mental health, namely seeking to understand the influence of gender stereotypes on motherhood issues. Objective: To investigate whether those who have more rigid gender stereotypes are also those who have a more rigid breastfeeding perspective, in addition to exploring relationships with sociodemographic and socioclinical variables. Method: 1227 women between 19 and 49 years old (M = 33.0; SD = 4.87). Marital status: 121 single, 482 civil union, 610 married, 13 divorced and one widow. Academic qualifications: 38 basic education and 345 secondary education and in higher education 530 bachelor’s degrees, 292 masters and 22 PhD. Professional status: 15 students, 47 in sick leave, 213 unemployed and 952 employees. The required condition for participation was, in the last two years, having been a mother or having breastfed. The instruments used were the sociodemographic and socioclinical questionnaire, Questionário de Atitudes Face à Amamentação (QAFA) and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). Results: Positive and significant association of the QAFA with the ASI. Hostile sexism is positively correlated with "Obligations" and ''Limitations" and benign sexism with "Benefits", "Obligations" and "Limitations". Divorced women, on sick leave and with basic education tend to have more favorable attitudes towards breastfeeding, and single women, on sick leave and PhD show an inclination towards for more sexism. Discussion: The more favorable the attitudes towards breastfeeding, the greater the levels of sexism. Although no significant differences were found with sociodemographic and socioclinical variables, the propensities allow for a reflection
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado
apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Amamentação Atitudes Estereótipos Género Breastfeeding Attitudes Stereotypes Gender