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DependĂȘncia de comida em jovens portugueses: que determinantes?
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Abstract(s)
Introdução: A dependĂȘncia de comida Ă© um fenĂłmeno clĂnico em crescimento, o qual
apresenta um impacto negativo na saĂșde mental a nĂvel mundial, nomeadamente, nos
jovens. Recentemente, verificou-se que 2.6%-49.9% dos jovens sofre de dependĂȘncia de
comida. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo Ă© explorar quais variĂĄveis predizem a dependĂȘncia
de comida, numa amostra de jovens portugueses. MĂ©todo: Neste estudo observacional,
correlacional e transversal, participaram 1564 jovens portugueses com idades
compreendidas entre os 12 e 19 anos (M=14.79; DP=1.89), sendo 52.7% do sexo
feminino. Os participantes responderam em contexto escolar e online a um questionĂĄrio
sociodemogrĂĄfico e de saĂșde, Ă Escala de AlteraçÔes Funcionais pelo Uso ProblemĂĄtico
da Internet (AFUPI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Escala Breve de Auto-Controlo
(EBAC), dimensĂŁo General Functioning da Family Assessement Device (GF-FAD) e
Portuguese Yale Food Addiction Scale (P-YFAS). Resultados: O modelo estrutural
refinado apresentou um ajustamento sofrĂvel Ă amostra jovem (Ï2/df=4.096;
SRMR=0.0943; CFI=0.852; TLI=0.845; RMSEA=0.045). Uma maior dependĂȘncia de
comida ocorre mais comummente em jovens portugueses que percebem ter maior
dificuldade de negociação e partilha na famĂlia (ÎČ=0.343; p<0.001), maior autocontrolo
disfuncional (ÎČ=0.305; p<0.001), insĂłnias mais graves (ÎČ=0.164; p<0.001), alteraçÔes
funcionais pelo uso problemĂĄtico da internet mais graves (ÎČ=0.066; p=0.016), maior
percentil de peso (ÎČ=0.048; p=0.049), consumo de salgados (ÎČ=0.065; p=0.011) e bebidas
energĂ©ticas (ÎČ=0.124; p<0.001), mas tambĂ©m quando percecionado um menor apoio e
confiança na famĂlia (ÎČ=-0.098; p<0.001). DiscussĂŁo: Fatores de risco para a dependĂȘncia
de comida em jovens portugueses foram identificados neste estudo, sendo este um
contributo pertinente para a investigação e prĂĄtica clĂnica.
ABSTRACT: Background: Food addiction is a growing clinical phenomenon with a negative impact on global mental health, particularly among the youth. Recent studies have revealed that 2.6% to 49.9% of youths suffer from food addiction. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the variables predicting food addiction in a sample of Portuguese youths. Method: In this observational, correlational and cross-sectional study, 1564 Portuguese youths aged between 12 and 19 years (M=14.79; SD=1.89) participated, with 52.7% being female. The participants completed a sociodemographic and health questionnaire, as well as the following scales in a school and online setting: Escala de AlteraçÔes Funcionais pelo Uso ProblemĂĄtico da Internet (AFUPI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Brief Self Control Scale (BSCS), General Functioning dimension of the Family Assessment Device (GF-FAD), and Portuguese Yale Food Addiction Scale (P-YFAS). Findings: The refined structural model showed a acceptable fit to the young sample (Ï2/df=4.096; SRMR=0.0943; CFI=0.852; TLI=0.845; RMSEA=0.045). Greater food addiction was more commonly observed among Portuguese youths who perceived greater difficulty in family negotiation and sharing (ÎČ=0.343; p<0.001), exhibited higher levels of dysfunctional self-control (ÎČ=0.305; p<0.001), experienced more severe insomnia (ÎČ=0.164; p<0.001), had more pronounced functional changes due to problematic internet use (ÎČ=0.066; p=0.016), had a higher percentile of weight (ÎČ=0.048; p=0.049), consumed salty snacks (ÎČ=0.065; p=0.011) and energy drinks (ÎČ=0.124; p<0.001), but also when they perceived less family support and trust (ÎČ=-0.098; p<0.001). Discussion: Risk factors for food addiction among Portuguese youths were identified in this study, providing a valuable contribution to both research and clinical practice.
ABSTRACT: Background: Food addiction is a growing clinical phenomenon with a negative impact on global mental health, particularly among the youth. Recent studies have revealed that 2.6% to 49.9% of youths suffer from food addiction. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the variables predicting food addiction in a sample of Portuguese youths. Method: In this observational, correlational and cross-sectional study, 1564 Portuguese youths aged between 12 and 19 years (M=14.79; SD=1.89) participated, with 52.7% being female. The participants completed a sociodemographic and health questionnaire, as well as the following scales in a school and online setting: Escala de AlteraçÔes Funcionais pelo Uso ProblemĂĄtico da Internet (AFUPI), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Brief Self Control Scale (BSCS), General Functioning dimension of the Family Assessment Device (GF-FAD), and Portuguese Yale Food Addiction Scale (P-YFAS). Findings: The refined structural model showed a acceptable fit to the young sample (Ï2/df=4.096; SRMR=0.0943; CFI=0.852; TLI=0.845; RMSEA=0.045). Greater food addiction was more commonly observed among Portuguese youths who perceived greater difficulty in family negotiation and sharing (ÎČ=0.343; p<0.001), exhibited higher levels of dysfunctional self-control (ÎČ=0.305; p<0.001), experienced more severe insomnia (ÎČ=0.164; p<0.001), had more pronounced functional changes due to problematic internet use (ÎČ=0.066; p=0.016), had a higher percentile of weight (ÎČ=0.048; p=0.049), consumed salty snacks (ÎČ=0.065; p=0.011) and energy drinks (ÎČ=0.124; p<0.001), but also when they perceived less family support and trust (ÎČ=-0.098; p<0.001). Discussion: Risk factors for food addiction among Portuguese youths were identified in this study, providing a valuable contribution to both research and clinical practice.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a
orientação da Professora Doutora Filipa Pimenta,
apresentada no Ispa â Instituto UniversitĂĄrio
para obtenção de grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia ClĂnica.
Keywords
DependĂȘncia de comida Jovens InsĂłnia Funcionamento familiar Autocontrolo Food addiction Youth insomnia Insomnia Family functioning Self-control