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A influência da depressão materna no desenvolvimento da criança
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Abstract(s)
Esta investigação pretende compreender o funcionamento mental das mães, de forma a averiguar o impacto da depressão materna no desenvolvimento emocional da criança e na qualidade da relação mãe-criança. A amostra é constituída por 50 mães (M= 34,40; DP= 7,56) de crianças até 5 anos (M = 3,6; DP = 1,56). A depressão materna foi avaliada através do Inventário de Depressão de Beck –II (BDI-II, Beck, Steer & Brown, 1996) e do Questionário de Experiências Depressivas (QED, Blatt, D´Afflitti & Quinlan, 1976, 1979) tendo sido utilizada a versão portuguesa do instrumento (Campos, 2000). As crianças foram avaliadas através da Classificação Diagnóstica de Saúde Mental e Perturbações do Desenvolvimento do Bebé e da Criança (D-C : 0-3 - R). Observou-se um predomínio da tipologia auto-critica em detrimento das restantes e a maioria das mães apresentam níveis moderados a severos, de acordo com a BDI. Verificou-se a existência de uma correlação positiva e significativa entre o desenvolvimento emocional da criança e a eficácia das mães (r = 0,54; p < 0,01) bem como com os sub-factores relatedness (r = 0,36; p < 0,05) e connectedness (r = 0,47; p < 0,01). No que diz respeito à influência da depressão materna na qualidade da relação mãe-criança, não foi possível confirmar esta hipótese, uma vez que não foram encontradas correlações significativas através das análises realizadas. Porém, existe uma tendência negativa entre a qualidade de relação e a eficácia das mães.
ABSTRACT: This research aims to understand the mental functioning of mothers in order to ascertain the impact of maternal depression on the child´s emotional development and on the quality of mother-child relationship. The sample is consisting of 50 mothers (M=34.40; DP= 7.56) of children under 6 years old. Maternal depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory –II (BDI-II, Beck, Steer & Brown, 1996) and the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ, Blatt, D´Affliti & Quinlan, 1976, 1979) using the portuguese version (Campos, 2000). The children were evaluated using the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Childhood (D-C: 0-3). There was a predominance of the self-criticism typology to the detriment of the others and the most mothers shown moderate to severe levels of depression, according to the BDI. A positive and significant correlation was also found between the child´s emotional development and the efficacy of their mothers (r= 0.54; p < 0.01) as well as the sub-factores relatedness (r= 0.36; p< 0.05) and connectedness (r= 0.47; p< 0.01). With regard to the influence of maternal depression on the quality of mother-child relationship, we could not confirm this hypothesis, since there was no significant correlations found through the analysis performed, but there is a negative trend of relationship between the quality and the efficacy of the mothers.
ABSTRACT: This research aims to understand the mental functioning of mothers in order to ascertain the impact of maternal depression on the child´s emotional development and on the quality of mother-child relationship. The sample is consisting of 50 mothers (M=34.40; DP= 7.56) of children under 6 years old. Maternal depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory –II (BDI-II, Beck, Steer & Brown, 1996) and the Depressive Experiences Questionnaire (DEQ, Blatt, D´Affliti & Quinlan, 1976, 1979) using the portuguese version (Campos, 2000). The children were evaluated using the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Childhood (D-C: 0-3). There was a predominance of the self-criticism typology to the detriment of the others and the most mothers shown moderate to severe levels of depression, according to the BDI. A positive and significant correlation was also found between the child´s emotional development and the efficacy of their mothers (r= 0.54; p < 0.01) as well as the sub-factores relatedness (r= 0.36; p< 0.05) and connectedness (r= 0.47; p< 0.01). With regard to the influence of maternal depression on the quality of mother-child relationship, we could not confirm this hypothesis, since there was no significant correlations found through the analysis performed, but there is a negative trend of relationship between the quality and the efficacy of the mothers.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Depressão materna Desenvolvimento emocional da criança Qualidade da relação mãe-criança Maternal depression Child´s emotional development Quality of mother-child relationship