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Publication
The psychotherapist´s persuasiveness in anxiety disorders: scale development and relation to the working alliance
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A persuasão do psicoterapeuta é proposta como um determinante dos resultados da psicoterapia, que promove as expectativas, autoeficácia e envolvimento do cliente, e ajuda a estabelecer a aliança terapêutica. No entanto, permanece uma das capacidades interpessoais do psicoterapeuta menos investigada, sem uma escala validada. Objectivos: O presente estudo observacional e correlacional desenvolveu uma escala de avaliação da persuasão do psicoterapeuta e examinou a relação entre a persuasão do psicoterapeuta e a aliança terapêutica. Método: Com base numa revisão da literatura sobre a persuasão do psicoterapeuta, a Therapist’s Persuasiveness Rating Scale (TPRS) foi desenvolvida. Dezessete gravações de sessões de psicoterapia foram utilizadas na validação da escala mediante análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, e avaliação da validade, confiabilidade e sensibilidade. Catorze gravações de sessões de psicoterapia com clientes com ansiedade foram cotadas com a TPRS e o Working Alliance Inventory-Observer Version-Short Form (WAI-O-S) para examinar a relação das variáveis. Resultados: Do processo de validação resultou uma escala com 4 subescalas e 10 itens. Exceptuando a validade discriminante, que se revelou inadequada, a TPRS mostrou-se uma escala válida, confiável e sensível da persuasão do psicoterapeuta. Apesar da correlação não significativa encontrada na correlação de Spearman, o modelo de regressão linear sugere que a persuasão do psicoterapeuta explica 65.1% da aliança terapêutica no início da sessão Conclusão: A TPRS revelou boas qualidades psicométricas, sendo uma escala promissora para avançar o estudo da persuasão do psicoterapeuta. Existe uma sugestão do efeito da persuasão do psicoterapeuta na aliança terapêutica, mas o resultado não detectou significância estatística.
The psychotherapist’s persuasiveness has been proposed as a crucial determinant of therapy outcomes that promotes the client’s expectations, self-efficacy and engagement, and helps establish the working alliance. However, it remains one of the least investigated psychotherapist’s interpersonal skills without a validated measure. Objectives: The present correlational observational study aimed to develop a rating scale that measures the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness, and to examine the relationship between the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness and the working alliance. Method: Based on a literature review of the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness, the Therapist’s Persuasiveness Rating Scale (TPRS) was constructed. Seventeen psychotherapy session recordings were used to validate the scale through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and validity, reliability, and sensitivity assessment. Fourteen psychotherapy session recordings with clients suffering from anxiety were rated using the TPRS and the Working Alliance Inventory-Observer Version-Short Form (WAI-O-S) to examine the relationship between the two variables. Results: The validation process resulted in a 4-factor 10 items scale. Except for the discriminant validity, which was revealed to be inadequate, the TPRS showed to be a valid, reliable and sensitive measure of the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness. Despite a non-significant correlation found in Spearman’s correlation, a linear regression model suggested that the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness explains 65.1% of the working alliance at the beginning of the session Conclusion: The TPRS was revealed to have good psychometric qualities, being a promising measure to advance the research on the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness. There is some suggestion of the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness effect on the working alliance, but the result missed statistical significance.
The psychotherapist’s persuasiveness has been proposed as a crucial determinant of therapy outcomes that promotes the client’s expectations, self-efficacy and engagement, and helps establish the working alliance. However, it remains one of the least investigated psychotherapist’s interpersonal skills without a validated measure. Objectives: The present correlational observational study aimed to develop a rating scale that measures the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness, and to examine the relationship between the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness and the working alliance. Method: Based on a literature review of the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness, the Therapist’s Persuasiveness Rating Scale (TPRS) was constructed. Seventeen psychotherapy session recordings were used to validate the scale through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and validity, reliability, and sensitivity assessment. Fourteen psychotherapy session recordings with clients suffering from anxiety were rated using the TPRS and the Working Alliance Inventory-Observer Version-Short Form (WAI-O-S) to examine the relationship between the two variables. Results: The validation process resulted in a 4-factor 10 items scale. Except for the discriminant validity, which was revealed to be inadequate, the TPRS showed to be a valid, reliable and sensitive measure of the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness. Despite a non-significant correlation found in Spearman’s correlation, a linear regression model suggested that the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness explains 65.1% of the working alliance at the beginning of the session Conclusion: The TPRS was revealed to have good psychometric qualities, being a promising measure to advance the research on the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness. There is some suggestion of the psychotherapist’s persuasiveness effect on the working alliance, but the result missed statistical significance.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Psicoterapia Factores comuns Investigação de processo Capacidades interpessoais Características do psicoterapeuta Psychotherapy Common factors Process research Interpersonal skills Psychotherapist’s characteristics