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Publication
Disfuncionalidade familiar durante a infância e a adolescência e o desenvolvimento de traços antissociais
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Muitos são os estudos que demonstram as consequências posteriores da vivência em
contexto de maltrato infantil. Contudo, é pouco o conhecimento que se tem acerca de
outros tipos de disfuncionalidade familiar, uma vez que esta aparece sempre associada
às variáveis do abuso e da negligência. A presente investigação teve como objetivo
avaliar o impacto de outro tipo de experiências de disfuncionalidade menos estudadas e
às quais a criança pode ter sido exposta no seio familiar, tais como, exposição à
violência doméstica, abuso de substâncias no ambiente familiar, separação parental,
prisão de um membro da família ou doença mental ou suicídio e a sua relação com o
desenvolvimento de comportamentos e traços antissociais. Neste estudo participaram
673 jovens da comunidade, com idades entre os 18 e os 20 anos, que responderam ao
Questionário de Experiências de Adversidade na Infância (ACE), Escala de Variedade
do Comportamento Desviante (DBV) e Inventário de Traços Psicopáticos em
Adolescentes - Versão Breve (YPI-S). Depois de controlada a variável do maltrato
obteve-se associações entre as experiências de disfuncionalidade familiar, traços
antissociais e comportamentos de delinquência no início da idade adulta. Os resultados
indicam que o maltrato se encontra associado com todas as dimensões de traços
psicopáticos. Este estudo sugere que a intervenção em outras formas de
disfuncionalidade familiar é relevante para a prevenção de padrões antissociais no início
da idade adulta. Para este efeito, são abordadas recomendações clínicas e orientações
para estudos futuros.
There are many studies demonstrating the subsequent consequences of experiencing child maltreatment. However, there is little knowledge about other types of household dysfunction, since it always appears associated with the variables of abuse and neglect. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of other less studied dysfunctional experiences to which the child may have been exposed at home, such as exposure to domestic violence, household substance abuse environment, divorce, incarcerated household member, mental illness or suicide and its relation to the development of antisocial behaviors and traits. In this study took part 673 young people from the community, aged 18 to 20 years, who answered the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE), Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBV) and Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory - Short Version. (YPI-S). Once the maltreatment variable was controlled, associations were found between family dysfunctional experiences, antisocial traits, and delinquency behaviors in early adulthood. The results show that maltreatment is associated with all the dimensions of psychopathic traits. This study suggests that the intervention in other forms of household dysfunction is relevant for the prevention of antisocial patterns in early adulthood. For this purpose, clinical recommendations and guidelines for future studies are approached.
There are many studies demonstrating the subsequent consequences of experiencing child maltreatment. However, there is little knowledge about other types of household dysfunction, since it always appears associated with the variables of abuse and neglect. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of other less studied dysfunctional experiences to which the child may have been exposed at home, such as exposure to domestic violence, household substance abuse environment, divorce, incarcerated household member, mental illness or suicide and its relation to the development of antisocial behaviors and traits. In this study took part 673 young people from the community, aged 18 to 20 years, who answered the Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire (ACE), Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBV) and Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory - Short Version. (YPI-S). Once the maltreatment variable was controlled, associations were found between family dysfunctional experiences, antisocial traits, and delinquency behaviors in early adulthood. The results show that maltreatment is associated with all the dimensions of psychopathic traits. This study suggests that the intervention in other forms of household dysfunction is relevant for the prevention of antisocial patterns in early adulthood. For this purpose, clinical recommendations and guidelines for future studies are approached.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção do grau de
Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica.
Keywords
Experiências adversas na infância Disfuncionalidade familiar Maltrato Comportamentos antissociais Delinquência juvenil Adverse experiences Family dysfunction Maltreatment Antisocial behavior Juvenile delinquency