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Publication
O impacto do suporte social, depressão, ansiedade e impulsividade na adolescência : relação com os comportamentos autolesivos e a ideação suicida
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A ideação suicida e os comportamentos autolesivos [CAL] são um fenómeno cada vez mais presente nos adolescentes, em Portugal e a nível mundial. Este estudo tem como objectivo perceber o impacto que o suporte social por parte dos pares tem na ideação suicida e nos CAL na fase da adolescência, bem como analisar a relação entre a depressão, a ansiedade e a impulsividade, a ideação suicida e o envolvimento nestes comportamentos. A amostra é constituída por 852 adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 21 anos, provenientes de dois estabelecimentos de ensino do distrito de Lisboa, aos quais foram aplicados os instrumentos: Inventário de Comportamentos Auto-Lesivos [ICAL] (Duarte, Gouveia-Pereira & Gomes, 2019), The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire [SIQ] (Ferreira & Castela, 1999), Escala Hospitalar de Ansiedade e Depressão [HADS] (Pais-Ribeiro, Silva, Ferreira, Martins, Menezes & Baltar, 2007), Impulsiveness Scale [BIS-11] (Diemen, Szobot, Kessler & Pechansky, 2007), Escala de Percepção do Suporte Social dos Amigos [PSS-Am] (Gouveia, Leal, Cardoso & Nunes, 2015).
Os resultados demonstram que o suporte social por parte dos amigos leva a um aumento do risco de ideação suicida e dos CAL. Verificou-se ainda que as variáveis individuais estabelecem uma relação com a ideação suicida e com os CAL, o que demonstra que níveis mais elevados de depressão, ansiedade e impulsividade se associam a níveis mais elevados de ideação suicida e um maior envolvimento em CAL. Adicionalmente verificou-se a relação existente entre a ideação suicida e os CAL.
The suicidal ideation and the self-harm behaviour are an increasing phenomenon among adolescents in Portugal and worldwide. This study aims to understand the impact that peer social support has on self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation in adolescence, as well as to analyze the relationship between depression, anxiety, impulsivity, suicidal ideation and involvement in these behaviors. The sample of this study consists of 852 adolescents aged between 11 to 21 years, from two schools in Lisbon district, to which the following instruments were applied: Inventário de Comportamentos Auto-Lesivos [ICAL] (Duarte, Gouveia-Pereira & Gomes, 2019), The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire [SIQ] (Ferreira & Castela, 1999), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] (Pais-Ribeiro, Silva, Ferreira, Martins, Menezes & Baltar, 2007), Impulsiveness Scale [BIS-11] (Diemen, Szobot, Kessler & Pechansky, 2007), Peer Social Support Perception Scale [PSS-Am] (Gouveia, Leal, Cardoso & Nunes, 2015). The results have shown that social support from friends leads to an increased risk of self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation. It was also found that individual variables are related to self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation, which leads to the conclusion that higher levels of depression, anxiety and impulsivity are associated with higher levels of suicidal ideation and greater involvement in self-harm behavior. Additionally, a relationship was found among self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation.
The suicidal ideation and the self-harm behaviour are an increasing phenomenon among adolescents in Portugal and worldwide. This study aims to understand the impact that peer social support has on self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation in adolescence, as well as to analyze the relationship between depression, anxiety, impulsivity, suicidal ideation and involvement in these behaviors. The sample of this study consists of 852 adolescents aged between 11 to 21 years, from two schools in Lisbon district, to which the following instruments were applied: Inventário de Comportamentos Auto-Lesivos [ICAL] (Duarte, Gouveia-Pereira & Gomes, 2019), The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire [SIQ] (Ferreira & Castela, 1999), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] (Pais-Ribeiro, Silva, Ferreira, Martins, Menezes & Baltar, 2007), Impulsiveness Scale [BIS-11] (Diemen, Szobot, Kessler & Pechansky, 2007), Peer Social Support Perception Scale [PSS-Am] (Gouveia, Leal, Cardoso & Nunes, 2015). The results have shown that social support from friends leads to an increased risk of self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation. It was also found that individual variables are related to self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation, which leads to the conclusion that higher levels of depression, anxiety and impulsivity are associated with higher levels of suicidal ideation and greater involvement in self-harm behavior. Additionally, a relationship was found among self-harm behaviour and suicidal ideation.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação de Professora Doutora Maria Gouveia-Pereira, apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
suporte Social Ideação suicida Depressão Ansiedade e impulsividade Comportamentos autolesivos Social support Depression Suicidal ideation Anxiety Impulsivity Self-Harm behavior