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Descodificando significados: As atitudes dos psicólogos clínicos face à autolesão não suicida em adolescentes
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A autolesão não-suicida (ALNS) é um fenómeno crescente entre os adolescentes Portugueses,
facto que resulta numa maior procura pelos serviços de Psicologia. Deste modo, os psicólogos
clínicos ocupam uma posição privilegiada de apoio e intervenção nos casos de adolescentes
com história de ALNS. No entanto, estes comportamentos podem suscitar sentimentos
ambivalentes e hostis que poderão influenciar as atitudes dos psicólogos, sua prática clínica e
a eficácia das intervenções. Contudo, são escassas as investigações que buscaram compreender
as atitudes dos psicólogos clínicos face à ALNS em adolescentes, principalmente em Portugal.
O presente estudo centra-se na caracterização das atitudes dos psicólogos clínicos e da sua
prática clínica com adolescentes com uma história de ALNS, através da análise de conteúdo
de entrevistas semi-directivas realizadas a 16 psicólogos clínicos, com idades entre os 25 e 62
anos (M= 37.62; DP= 10.15). A partir da análise de conteúdo, surgiram 2.519 unidades de
registo, organizadas em quatro pré-categorias (Conhecimentos Científicos; Intervenção
Clínica; Atitudes; e Desafios, Dificuldades ou Necessidades Profissionais). Os resultados
indicaram bons conhecimentos gerais sobre a ALNS, porém fraco domínio sobre elementos
fundamentais que orientam a avaliação e a intervenção nestes casos, refletido na ausência de
uma estrutura interventiva. Tais achados podem explicar a prevalência dos sentimentos
negativos e a presença de atitudes negativas, que por sua vez, dificultam a criação da relação
terapêutica e realçam a necessidade de materiais práticos para a intervenção.
ABSTRACT: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing phenomenon among Portuguese adolescents, a fact that results in a higher demand for psychological services. As such, clinical psychologists occupy a privileged position in supporting and intervening in cases of adolescents with a history of NSSI. However, these behaviors can elicit ambivalent and hostile feelings, which could influence the attitudes of psychologists, their clinical practice, and the effectiveness of interventions. However, few studies have sought to understand the attitudes of clinical psychologists towards NSSI in adolescentes, particularly in Portugal. This study focuses on characterizing the attitudes of clinical psychologists and their clinical practice with adolescents with a history of NSSI, through content analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with 16 clinical psychologists, aged between 25 and 62 years (M= 37.62; SD= 10.15). From the content analysis, 2.519 record units emerged, organized into four pre-categories (Scientific Knowledge; Clinical Intervention; Attitudes; and Challenges, Dificulties or Professional Needs). The results indicated good general knowledge about NSSI, but a poor understanding of fundamental elements that guide the assessment and intervention in such cases, as reflected in the absence of na intervention structure. These findings may explain the prevalence of negative feelings and the presence of negative attitudes, which in turn, hinder the creation of a therapeutic relationship and highlight the need for practical materials to support the intervention.
ABSTRACT: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing phenomenon among Portuguese adolescents, a fact that results in a higher demand for psychological services. As such, clinical psychologists occupy a privileged position in supporting and intervening in cases of adolescents with a history of NSSI. However, these behaviors can elicit ambivalent and hostile feelings, which could influence the attitudes of psychologists, their clinical practice, and the effectiveness of interventions. However, few studies have sought to understand the attitudes of clinical psychologists towards NSSI in adolescentes, particularly in Portugal. This study focuses on characterizing the attitudes of clinical psychologists and their clinical practice with adolescents with a history of NSSI, through content analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with 16 clinical psychologists, aged between 25 and 62 years (M= 37.62; SD= 10.15). From the content analysis, 2.519 record units emerged, organized into four pre-categories (Scientific Knowledge; Clinical Intervention; Attitudes; and Challenges, Dificulties or Professional Needs). The results indicated good general knowledge about NSSI, but a poor understanding of fundamental elements that guide the assessment and intervention in such cases, as reflected in the absence of na intervention structure. These findings may explain the prevalence of negative feelings and the presence of negative attitudes, which in turn, hinder the creation of a therapeutic relationship and highlight the need for practical materials to support the intervention.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de
grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica.
Keywords
Comportamentos autolesivos Atitudes Psicólogos Técnicos de saúde Técnicos de saúde mental Self-harm Attitudes Psychologists Health professionals Mental health professionals