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Publication
Alterações de peso na transição da pré- para a pós-menopausa: a influência dos determinantes de mudança comportamental
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: A grande maioria das mulheres vê o seu peso aumentar quando chega à fase
da menopausa, o que acarreta inúmeros riscos à sua saúde. No entanto, sabemos que é
possível manter um peso saudável nesta fase específica da vida da mulher, através da
mudança comportamental. Desta maneira, a questão de investigação do presente estudo
pretende perceber se os determinantes de início e de manutenção de comportamentos de
saúde, com base no modelo HAPA, serão preditores das alterações de peso (i.e., perda,
manutenção ou aumento do peso) aquando da transição da pré para a pós-menopausa.
Método: Participaram, no presente estudo, 1317 mulheres com idades compreendidas
entre os 45 e os 65 anos (M= 53,87; DP= 4,85). Estas preencheram o Questionário
Sociodemográfico, de peso, saúde, estilo de vida e menopausa e o Questionário baseado
no modelo HAPA, adaptado para a gestão de peso. Foi realizado um modelo de equações
estruturais, com o propósito de observar relações entre as diversas variáveis. Resultados:
O modelo não apresentou um bom ajustamento ao modelo (CFI = 0,942; NFI = 0,925;
TLI = 0,936; RMSEA = 0,049; P(RMSEA ≤ 0,05) < 0,001; SRMR = 0,061). Foi possível
determinarmos que existem certas variáveis independentes, como a Idade, Prática de
Exercício Físico, Comportamento atual para a perda de peso, Historial de excesso de peso
ou obesidade e três dimensões do Modelo HAPA (Perceção de Risco, Autoeficácia da
Ação, Autoeficácia de Recuperação e Intenção) que têm influência nas Alterações de Peso
na transição da pré para a pós-menopausa. Discussão: Podemos concluir então que o
presente estudo demonstrou que é fundamental que se realizem intervenções junto das
mulheres nesta fase especifica da vida, para que seja possível que as mesmas sejam
capazes de ter controlo sobre a gestão do seu peso.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The vast majority of women see their weight increase when they reach menopause, which poses numerous risks to their health. However, we know that it is possible to maintain a healthy weight at this specific stage in a woman's life, through behavioral change. Therefore, the research question of the present study aims to understand whether the determinants of initiation and maintenance of health behaviors, based on the HAPA model, will be predictors of weight changes (i.e., loss, maintenance or increase in weight) at the time of transition from pre- to post-menopause. Method: 1317 women aged between 45 and 65 years participated in the present study (M= 53,87; SD= 4,85). They completed the Sociodemographic, weight, health, lifestyle and menopause Questionnaire and the Questionnaire based on the HAPA model, adapted for weight management. A structural equation model was carried out, with the purpose of observing relationships between the various variables. Results: The model did not present a good fit to the model (CFI = 0,942; NFI = 0,925; TLI = 0,936; RMSEA = 0,049; P(RMSEA ≤ 0,05) < 0,001; SRMR = 0,061). It was possible to determine that there are certain independent variables, such as Age, Physical Exercise Practice, Current Weight Loss Behavior, History of being overweight or obese and three dimensions of the HAPA Model (Risk Perception, Action Self-Efficacy, Self-Efficacy of Recovery and Intention) that influence Weight Changes in the transition from pre- to post-menopause. Discussion: We can therefore conclude that the present study demonstrated that it is essential to carry out interventions with women at this specific stage of life, so that they are able to have control over managing their weight.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: The vast majority of women see their weight increase when they reach menopause, which poses numerous risks to their health. However, we know that it is possible to maintain a healthy weight at this specific stage in a woman's life, through behavioral change. Therefore, the research question of the present study aims to understand whether the determinants of initiation and maintenance of health behaviors, based on the HAPA model, will be predictors of weight changes (i.e., loss, maintenance or increase in weight) at the time of transition from pre- to post-menopause. Method: 1317 women aged between 45 and 65 years participated in the present study (M= 53,87; SD= 4,85). They completed the Sociodemographic, weight, health, lifestyle and menopause Questionnaire and the Questionnaire based on the HAPA model, adapted for weight management. A structural equation model was carried out, with the purpose of observing relationships between the various variables. Results: The model did not present a good fit to the model (CFI = 0,942; NFI = 0,925; TLI = 0,936; RMSEA = 0,049; P(RMSEA ≤ 0,05) < 0,001; SRMR = 0,061). It was possible to determine that there are certain independent variables, such as Age, Physical Exercise Practice, Current Weight Loss Behavior, History of being overweight or obese and three dimensions of the HAPA Model (Risk Perception, Action Self-Efficacy, Self-Efficacy of Recovery and Intention) that influence Weight Changes in the transition from pre- to post-menopause. Discussion: We can therefore conclude that the present study demonstrated that it is essential to carry out interventions with women at this specific stage of life, so that they are able to have control over managing their weight.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado realizada sob orientação da Professora Doutora Filipa Pimenta e coorientação da Mestre Mafalda Leitão, apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção do grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da Saúde.
Keywords
Gestão de Peso Menopausa Modelo HAPA Mudança Comportamental Weight Management Menopause HAPA Model Behavioral Change