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Publication
Adaptação e desenvolvimento de um instrumento de avaliação de fatores associados ao aconselhamento na diabetes tipo 2
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A Diabetes do Tipo 2 é uma doença crónica cuja prevalência continua a
aumentar e que representa uma importante causa de mortalidade evitável. A adoção e
manutenção de comportamentos de saúde é uma das principais formas de gestão da
Diabetes do Tipo 2, nomeadamente a prática de atividade física e alimentação
saudável. Para tal, os profissionais de saúde têm um papel crucial em prestar o
aconselhamento necessário. A investigação em mudança comportamental na área da
saúde tem identificado diversos fatores psicológicos envolvidos neste processo para
os utentes (e.g. autoeficácia). Existem, no entanto, poucos estudos sobre a mudança
comportamental nos profissionais de saúde e não existe nenhum instrumento em
Português para avaliar estes fatores. O objetivo deste estudo é o de contribuir para a
validação e desenvolvimento de instrumento de Avaliação dos Fatores Psicossociais
Associados ao Aconselhamento Nutricional, da Atividade Física, e de Educação
Continuada. Foi utilizada uma metodologia mista, com recurso a questionário e
entrevistas individuais. Foram feitas análises às estatísticas descritivas, sensibilidade e
fiabilidade do instrumento numa amostra de 74 profissionais de saúde envolvidos na
consulta de Diabetes do Tipo 2 (médicos e enfermeiros); posteriormente, foi feita uma
análise facial do instrumento através de entrevistas individuais numa amostra de 17
participantes. A versão Portuguesa deste instrumento, apresenta qualidades
psicométricas aceitáveis para quase todas as escalas, e, de um modo geral, foi bem
aceite e interpretado pelos entrevistados. No final são discutidas as melhorias ao
instrumento, limitações e sugestões para investigações futuras.
Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly prevalent chronic illness and an important cause of preventable mortality. Adopting and maintaining healthy behaviors is crucial in the management of type 2 diabetes, more specifically the practice of regular physical activity and a balanced diet. As such, healthcare professionals play a key role in providing the necessary advice. Behavior change research applied to healthcare has identified several psychological factors involved in this process in patients (e.g. selfefficacy). However, there are very few studies regarding behavior change factors in healthcare professionals, and currently there isn’t a Portuguese measure available that assesses these factors. The aim of this study is to contribute to the validation of a measure to evaluate the psychosocial factors associated with the provision of nutritional advice, physical activity advice, and on-going education. A mixed methods approach was used, using a questionnaire data collection and interviews with healthcare professionals. First, we analyzed the descriptive statistics, the sensitivity, and reliability of the measure in a sample of 74 healthcare professionals directly involved in type 2 diabetes consultations (medical doctors and nurses); afterwards, we examined the face validity of the instrument through the analysis of 17 individual interviews. The Portuguese version shows acceptable psychometric properties on almost all scales, and it was generally accepted and well-received by the interviewees. Finally, we discuss potential improvements to the instrument, limitations, and suggestions for future research.
Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly prevalent chronic illness and an important cause of preventable mortality. Adopting and maintaining healthy behaviors is crucial in the management of type 2 diabetes, more specifically the practice of regular physical activity and a balanced diet. As such, healthcare professionals play a key role in providing the necessary advice. Behavior change research applied to healthcare has identified several psychological factors involved in this process in patients (e.g. selfefficacy). However, there are very few studies regarding behavior change factors in healthcare professionals, and currently there isn’t a Portuguese measure available that assesses these factors. The aim of this study is to contribute to the validation of a measure to evaluate the psychosocial factors associated with the provision of nutritional advice, physical activity advice, and on-going education. A mixed methods approach was used, using a questionnaire data collection and interviews with healthcare professionals. First, we analyzed the descriptive statistics, the sensitivity, and reliability of the measure in a sample of 74 healthcare professionals directly involved in type 2 diabetes consultations (medical doctors and nurses); afterwards, we examined the face validity of the instrument through the analysis of 17 individual interviews. The Portuguese version shows acceptable psychometric properties on almost all scales, and it was generally accepted and well-received by the interviewees. Finally, we discuss potential improvements to the instrument, limitations, and suggestions for future research.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado
apresentada
no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de
grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da
Saúde
Keywords
Diabetes do Tipo 2, Profissionais de saúde Aconselhamento Mudança comportamental Metodologia mista Fatores psicológicos Características psicométricas Type 2 diabetes Health care professionals Advice Behavior change Mixed methods Psychological factors Psychometric properties