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Os diferentes perfis comportamentais e psicossociais de jovens adultos com elevados níveis de traços psicopáticos
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Abstract(s)
A psicopatia tem sido descrita ao longo do tempo como um construto unitário e indivíduos com traços de psicopatia tendem a ser colocados numa única categoria, assumindo-se que são semelhantes na sua apresentação clínica e características. Porém, existe evidência de que existem diferentes perfis psicopáticos. A presente investigação tem como objetivos: 1) A identificação e comparação de características psicológicas, sociais e comportamentais específicas de indivíduos com elevados traços de psicopatia; e 2) A análise dos diferentes perfis psicológicos, sociais e comportamentais em jovens adultos da comunidade com elevados traços de psicopatia. A amostra é composta por 618 jovens adultos da comunidade com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 20 anos. Do total de participantes, salienta-se a subamostra de 25% dos participantes (n = 159) com a pontuação global mais elevada de traços psicopáticos. Os sujeitos foram avaliados com recurso ao Inventário de Traços Psicopáticos em Adolescentes (versão breve) e à Escala da Depressão, Ansiedade e Stress. Através de uma análise de clusters, foram identificadas 3 tipologias de perfis de sujeitos com elevados traços de psicopatia. Esses perfis foram analisados e comparados entre si, sendo seguidamente nomeados como Cluster 1: Impulsivo-Irresponsável com Problemas de Saúde Mental; Cluster 2: Impulsivo-Irresponsável; e Cluster 3: Manipulador-Controlado. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que características, combinações de traços e sintomas de saúde mental distintos se associam a diferentes tipos de perfis psicopáticos. Recomendações clínicas, políticas e sociais, bem como investigações futuras são abordadas.
Psychopathy has been described as a unitary construct over time and individuals with psychopathy traits tend to be placed in a single category, assuming that they are similar in their clinical presentation and characteristics. However, there’s evidence that different psychopathic profiles exist. The present investigation aims to: 1) identify and compare specific psychological, social and behavioral characteristics of individuals with high traits of psychopathy; and 2) the psychological, social and behavioral different profiles analysis between community young adults with high psychopathy traits. The sample includes 618 young adults from the community aged between 18 and 20 years. From all the participants, we highlight the subsample of 25% of participants (n = 159) who present the highest global scores of psychopathic traits. Individuals were evaluated with the Youth Psychopathic Inventory (short version) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. By using a cluster analysis, 3 profile types of individuals with high psychopathic traits were identified. Those profiles were analyzed and compared to each other, and then named as Cluster 1: Impulsive-Irresponsible with Mental Health Issues; Cluster 2: Impulsive-Irresponsible; and Cluster 3: Controled-Manipulative profiles. The results of the present investigation suggest that different characteristics, trait combinations and mental health symptoms associate to different types of psychopathic profiles. Clinical, political and social recommendations, as well as future investigations are addressed.
Psychopathy has been described as a unitary construct over time and individuals with psychopathy traits tend to be placed in a single category, assuming that they are similar in their clinical presentation and characteristics. However, there’s evidence that different psychopathic profiles exist. The present investigation aims to: 1) identify and compare specific psychological, social and behavioral characteristics of individuals with high traits of psychopathy; and 2) the psychological, social and behavioral different profiles analysis between community young adults with high psychopathy traits. The sample includes 618 young adults from the community aged between 18 and 20 years. From all the participants, we highlight the subsample of 25% of participants (n = 159) who present the highest global scores of psychopathic traits. Individuals were evaluated with the Youth Psychopathic Inventory (short version) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale. By using a cluster analysis, 3 profile types of individuals with high psychopathic traits were identified. Those profiles were analyzed and compared to each other, and then named as Cluster 1: Impulsive-Irresponsible with Mental Health Issues; Cluster 2: Impulsive-Irresponsible; and Cluster 3: Controled-Manipulative profiles. The results of the present investigation suggest that different characteristics, trait combinations and mental health symptoms associate to different types of psychopathic profiles. Clinical, political and social recommendations, as well as future investigations are addressed.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Traços de psicopatia Perfis psicopáticos Jovens adultos Psychopathic traits Psychopathic profiles Young-adults.