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O Papel da Religião na Regulação Emocional e na Saúde mental
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Abstract(s)
Existe uma vasta literatura que explora a relação entre religião e bem-estar emocional,
bem como as estratégias usadas para regular as emoções de forma adaptativa. Neste estudo,
procura-se aprofundar a associação entre diferentes tipos de religiões, o uso de diferentes
estratégias de regulação emocional e a saúde mental de um total de 257 participantes de três
grupos religiosos (Cristão/Católicos, Protestantes/Evangélicos, Hindus/Ismaelita/Islâmicos),
em comparação com um grupo de controlo de Ateus/não religiosos. Foram utilizadas escalas de
autorrelato para avaliar perceções de invalidação emocional, estratégias de regulação emocional
(supressão expressiva e reavaliação cognitiva) e saúde mental (depressão, ansiedade e stress).
As análises diferenciais e correlacionais sugerem que existem diferenças no uso da reavaliação
cognitiva, indicando que os Evangélicos recorrem mais a essa estratégia e reportam melhor
saúde mental em comparação com os Ateus/não religiosos, tal como os Cristãos/Católicos
apresentam melhor saúde mental que os Hindus/Ismaelitas/Islâmicos. Os dados sugerem
também uma associação do recurso à supressão com pior saúde mental apenas para os grupos
de Protestantes/Evangélicos e Ateus/não religiosos. Sugerem ainda uma associação entre
perceção de invalidação emocional e uso de mais supressão e pior saúde mental em todos os
grupos religiosos, exceto no grupo de Hindus/Ismaelitas/Islâmicos. Finalmente, verificou-se
uma associação negativa entre a reavaliação cognitiva e a saúde mental apenas no grupo de
Ateus/não religiosos. De forma geral, este estudo destaca a importância de compreender como
diferentes grupos religiosos e não religiosos aplicam estratégias de regulação emocional,
fornecendo pistas importantes para abordagens mais eficazes na promoção da saúde mental em
contextos diversos.
ABSTRACT: There is a vast literature that explores the relationship between religion and emotional well-being, as well as the strategies used to regulate emotions adaptively. This study seeks to deepen the association between distinct types of religions, the use of different emotion regulation strategies and the mental health of a total of 257 participants from three religious’ groups (Christian/Catholic, Protestant/Evangelical, Hindu/Ismaili/Islamic) and a control group of Atheists/non-religious. Self-report scales were used to assess perceptions of emotional invalidation, emotion regulation strategies (expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal) and mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress). Differential and correlational analyses suggest that there are differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal, indicating that evangelicals use this strategy more and report better mental health compared to atheists/non-religious, just as Christians/Catholics have better mental health than Hindus/Ismailis/Muslims. The data also suggest an association of the use of suppression with poorer mental health only for the Protestant/Evangelical and Atheist/non-religious groups. The results also suggest an association between perceived emotional invalidation and use of more suppression and poorer mental health in all religious groups except the Hindu/Ismaili/Islamic group. Finally, there was a negative association between cognitive reappraisal and mental health only in the atheist/non religious group. Overall, this study highlights the importance of understanding how different religious and non-religious groups apply emotion regulation strategies, providing important clues for more effective approaches to mental health promotion in diverse contexts.
ABSTRACT: There is a vast literature that explores the relationship between religion and emotional well-being, as well as the strategies used to regulate emotions adaptively. This study seeks to deepen the association between distinct types of religions, the use of different emotion regulation strategies and the mental health of a total of 257 participants from three religious’ groups (Christian/Catholic, Protestant/Evangelical, Hindu/Ismaili/Islamic) and a control group of Atheists/non-religious. Self-report scales were used to assess perceptions of emotional invalidation, emotion regulation strategies (expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal) and mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress). Differential and correlational analyses suggest that there are differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal, indicating that evangelicals use this strategy more and report better mental health compared to atheists/non-religious, just as Christians/Catholics have better mental health than Hindus/Ismailis/Muslims. The data also suggest an association of the use of suppression with poorer mental health only for the Protestant/Evangelical and Atheist/non-religious groups. The results also suggest an association between perceived emotional invalidation and use of more suppression and poorer mental health in all religious groups except the Hindu/Ismaili/Islamic group. Finally, there was a negative association between cognitive reappraisal and mental health only in the atheist/non religious group. Overall, this study highlights the importance of understanding how different religious and non-religious groups apply emotion regulation strategies, providing important clues for more effective approaches to mental health promotion in diverse contexts.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a
orientação da Professora Doutora Tânia
Brandão, apresentada no Ispa – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau de
Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica.
Keywords
Regulação Emocional Supressão Reavaliação Cognitiva Invalidação emocional Percebida Religião Emotional Regulation Suppression Cognitive Reappraisal Perceived Emotional Invalidation Religion