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Publication
Relações entre Sintomas Depressivos, Atributos Psicológicos, e Competências Sociais e Emocionais dos Jovens
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente investigação pretende estudar e analisar como a depressão influência as
competências sociais e emocionais nas crianças e adolescentes. Neste estudo participaram
101 participantes, com idades compreendidas entre os 10 e os 17 anos, bem como 9
professores. Para ser possível avaliar a depressão nos jovens foi utilizado o instrumento
CDI (Kovacs, 1985) e também foi aplicado a prova SDQ (Goodman, 1997). Já com os
professores, foi aplicado um instrumento com o intuito de avaliar o ajustamento sócio
emocional dos seus alunos, o Teacher-Child Rating Scale (T-CRS) (Hightower et al,
1986).
Foi possível observar os efeitos da análise multivariada que foi realizada em função
do Grupo de sintomas depressivos e o Sexo, para controlar a Idade, esta foi incluída como
covariável. É possível verificar que a Idade, o Grupo e o Sexo, apresentaram efeitos
multivariados estatisticamente significativos nas dimensões combinadas em estudo. Não
existiu efeito multivariado de interação entre o Grupo de sintomas depressivos e o Sexo.
Podemos destacar então, que a idade da criança teve efeitos significativos em diversas
subescalas.
Em relação aos sintomas depressivos, as raparigas mostraram mais sintomas que os
rapazes, nomeadamente, anedonia, autoestima negativa e CDI Total. Na hiperatividade,
os rapazes não revelaram ter significativamente mais sintomas desta perturbação na
presente amostra, em contraste com publicações anteriores. Sobre os resultados referentes
ao instrumento T-CRS, é importante realçar que os dados traduzem opiniões e avaliações
que os professores fazem dos seus alunos. Sendo assim, os professores que participaram
nesta investigação, não demonstraram que as raparigas tendem a ser mais tímidas e
ansiosas do que os indivíduos do sexo masculino.
ABSTRACT: This research aims to study and analyze how depression influences social and emotional skills in children and adolescents. In this study, 101 participants, aged between 10 and 17 years, as well as 9 teachers, participated. To assess depression in young people, the ICD instrument was used (Kovacs, 1985) and the SDQ test was also applied (Goodman, 1997). On the other hand, an instrument was applied to the teachers to assess the socio-emotional adjustment of their students, the Teacher-Child Rating Scale (T CRS) (Hightower et al, 1986). It was possible to observe the effects of the multivariate analysis that was performed as a function of the group of depressive symptoms and gender, to control for age, which was included as a covariate. It is possible to verify that Age, Group and Gender presented statistically significant multivariate effects in the combined dimensions under study. There was no multivariate interaction effect between the group of depressive symptoms and gender. We can highlight that the child's age had significant effects on several subscales. Regarding depressive symptoms, girls showed more symptoms than boys, namely, anhedonia, negative self-esteem, and Total ICD. In hyperactivity, boys did not show significantly more symptoms of this disorder in the present sample, in contrast to previous publications. Regarding the results of the T-CRS instrument, it is important to highlight that the data reflect the opinions and evaluations that teachers make of their students. Therefore, the teachers who participated in this research did not show that girls tend to be shier and more anxious than male individuals.
ABSTRACT: This research aims to study and analyze how depression influences social and emotional skills in children and adolescents. In this study, 101 participants, aged between 10 and 17 years, as well as 9 teachers, participated. To assess depression in young people, the ICD instrument was used (Kovacs, 1985) and the SDQ test was also applied (Goodman, 1997). On the other hand, an instrument was applied to the teachers to assess the socio-emotional adjustment of their students, the Teacher-Child Rating Scale (T CRS) (Hightower et al, 1986). It was possible to observe the effects of the multivariate analysis that was performed as a function of the group of depressive symptoms and gender, to control for age, which was included as a covariate. It is possible to verify that Age, Group and Gender presented statistically significant multivariate effects in the combined dimensions under study. There was no multivariate interaction effect between the group of depressive symptoms and gender. We can highlight that the child's age had significant effects on several subscales. Regarding depressive symptoms, girls showed more symptoms than boys, namely, anhedonia, negative self-esteem, and Total ICD. In hyperactivity, boys did not show significantly more symptoms of this disorder in the present sample, in contrast to previous publications. Regarding the results of the T-CRS instrument, it is important to highlight that the data reflect the opinions and evaluations that teachers make of their students. Therefore, the teachers who participated in this research did not show that girls tend to be shier and more anxious than male individuals.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a
orientação do Professor Doutor António
José dos Santos, apresentada no Ispa - Instituto Universitário para obtenção de
grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Depressão Competências Socias Competências Emocionais Jovens Depression Social Competence Emotional Competence Youth