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Parcerias jovens-adultos nas organizações : Contributos para o desenvolvimento positivo dos jovens
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Abstract(s)
Esta investigação pretende estudar a participação cívica e comunitária dos jovens em
organizações que lhes proporcionem oportunidades de participação na tomada de decisões,
mas que também envolvam os adultos nas suas estruturas. Estudos anteriores acerca das
parcerias entre jovens e adultos (Y-AP) mostraram que, quando os jovens participam nos
processos de tomada de decisão tanto nas organizações, como na comunidade em que
estão envolvidos, num processo não hierárquico de colaboração com os adultos, melhoram
o seu nível de confiança, empowerment, agency e de ligação à comunidade. O estudo
procura compreender a qualidade das relações entre jovens e adultos nessas organizações
e como estas influenciam ambos os grupos. Além disso, pretende-se analisar como a
participação e as parcerias entre jovens e adultos têm impacto no Desenvolvimento Positivo
dos Jovens (PYD), nomeadamente no empowerment e nos níveis de psychological agency e
de ligação com a comunidade. Esta investigação recorre a métodos múltiplos, de forma a
combinar as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa e a maximizar as valências de ambas. A
estratégia global é definida como exploratória sequencial. Numa primeira fase procedeu-se à
recolha de dados e análise qualitativas, seguida por uma segunda fase de recolha de dados
e análise quantitativas. Na fase qualitativa realizaram-se focus groups com jovens entre os
14 e os 24 anos de idade, entrevistas individuais com os profissionais e os membros da
direção das organizações nas quais estes jovens estão envolvidos e, por fim, entrevistas
com informadores-chave que foram questionados sobre a visão político-social sobre os
jovens e sobre a sua participação cívica. Esta fase permitiu criar um questionário que deu
origem à segunda fase da investigação: a fase quantitativa, que consistiu na análise dos
dados obtidos após a administração do dito questionário a 278 jovens. Foi testada a
validade interna do instrumento e explorada a contribuição da qualidade do programa para o
PYD, particularmente quanto às parcerias entre jovens e adultos em organizações e
associações de base comunitária. A qualidade do programa aliada ao contexto contribuiu
melhor para o empowerment do que apenas o contexto. O componente que mais contribuiu
para a previsão do empowerment foi o envolvimento dos jovens no programa da
organização. Além disso, a qualidade do programa foi preditora da psychological agency e
da ligação à comunidade além das medidas do contexto. Em ambos os casos, a voz dos
jovens na tomada de decisões teve mais peso do que os outros constructos da qualidade do
programa. O modelo que melhor predisse boas psychological agency e ligação à
comunidade foi o que teve em conta tanto o contexto, como a possibilidade de os jovens
exprimirem a sua voz no processo de tomada de decisão. Concluiu-se que acrescentar a
qualidade do programa ao contexto melhorou todas as variáveis (empowerment,
psychological agency e ligação à comunidade).
ABSTRACT : This research aims to study the civic and community participation of young people in organizations that provide good levels of youth participation in decision-making processes, but that also involve adults in its structure. Previous studies on Youth-Adult Partnerships (YAP) demonstrated that when young people participate in the decision-making processes of the organization and of the community where they are involved, in a collaborative nonhierarchical process with the adults, they improve their level of confidence, empowerment, agency and community connections. The study seeks to understand the quality of relationships between adults and young people in these organizations, and how these affect both groups. In addition, we analyzed the impact of participation and Youth-Adult Partnerships (Y-AP) on Positive Youth Development (PYD), particularly on youth empowerment, on levels of psychological agency and community connectedness. This research uses multiple methods in order to combine the qualitative and quantitative approaches and to maximize both their strengths. The overall strategy is defined as sequential exploratory. The first phase involved the collection and the analysis of qualitative data, followed by a second phase of collection and analysis of quantitative data. In the qualitative phase were held focus groups with youth between 14 and 24 years old, individual interviews with professionals and board members of the organizations in which these young people are involved, and finally interviews with key informants that were asked on the political and social vision about young people and on their civic participation. This phase allowed the production of a survey which led to the second phase of the research: the quantitative one, which consisted of the analysis of data obtained after the administration of the survey to 278 youth. The internal validity of the instrument was tested and the program quality contribution for PYD was explored, particularly with regard to youth-adult partnerships in organizations and community-based associations. Program quality and the context together had a greater contribution to empowerment, beyond the context. The component that most contributed in predicting empowerment was youth engagement in the organization program. Furthermore, program quality was a predictor of psychological agency and community connectedness beyond the context measures. In both cases, youth voice in decision-making gave the greatest contribution in comparison with the other program quality constructs. The model that best predicted good psychological agency and community connectedness was the one that considered both the context and the possibility of youth expressing their voice in decision-making processes. In conclusion, adding program quality to the context improved all variables (empowerment, psychological agency and community connectedness).
ABSTRACT : This research aims to study the civic and community participation of young people in organizations that provide good levels of youth participation in decision-making processes, but that also involve adults in its structure. Previous studies on Youth-Adult Partnerships (YAP) demonstrated that when young people participate in the decision-making processes of the organization and of the community where they are involved, in a collaborative nonhierarchical process with the adults, they improve their level of confidence, empowerment, agency and community connections. The study seeks to understand the quality of relationships between adults and young people in these organizations, and how these affect both groups. In addition, we analyzed the impact of participation and Youth-Adult Partnerships (Y-AP) on Positive Youth Development (PYD), particularly on youth empowerment, on levels of psychological agency and community connectedness. This research uses multiple methods in order to combine the qualitative and quantitative approaches and to maximize both their strengths. The overall strategy is defined as sequential exploratory. The first phase involved the collection and the analysis of qualitative data, followed by a second phase of collection and analysis of quantitative data. In the qualitative phase were held focus groups with youth between 14 and 24 years old, individual interviews with professionals and board members of the organizations in which these young people are involved, and finally interviews with key informants that were asked on the political and social vision about young people and on their civic participation. This phase allowed the production of a survey which led to the second phase of the research: the quantitative one, which consisted of the analysis of data obtained after the administration of the survey to 278 youth. The internal validity of the instrument was tested and the program quality contribution for PYD was explored, particularly with regard to youth-adult partnerships in organizations and community-based associations. Program quality and the context together had a greater contribution to empowerment, beyond the context. The component that most contributed in predicting empowerment was youth engagement in the organization program. Furthermore, program quality was a predictor of psychological agency and community connectedness beyond the context measures. In both cases, youth voice in decision-making gave the greatest contribution in comparison with the other program quality constructs. The model that best predicted good psychological agency and community connectedness was the one that considered both the context and the possibility of youth expressing their voice in decision-making processes. In conclusion, adding program quality to the context improved all variables (empowerment, psychological agency and community connectedness).
Description
Tese de Doutoramento apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Parcerias jovens-adultos Desenvolvimento positivo dos jovens Empowerment Participação dos jovens Youth-adult partnerships Positive youth development Empowerment Youth participation