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DICA (dependĂȘncia na internet e comportamento alimentar): dependĂȘncias na internet e a dependĂȘncia de comida numa amostra de adolescentes
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Abstract(s)
Em Portugal houve um aumento significativo de utilizadores de Internet nos Ășltimos anos. De 336.140 habitantes em Portugal Continental com acesso Ă Internet (em 2000), passaram a 3.190.251 em 2016 (PORDATA, 2018). As DependĂȘncias na Internet (DI) e o uso excessivo da Internet constituem um risco para o bem-estar psicolĂłgico e fĂsico; estudos anteriores em jovens portugueses identificam 20% com DI (Pontes & PatrĂŁo, 2014). Assim, o presente estudo explora preditores de DI em adolescentes portugueses, assim como a possĂvel associação com a prĂĄtica de atividade fĂsica e dependĂȘncia de comida. No total, 381 alunos entre o 7Âș e o 12Âș ano preencheram online os questionĂĄrios, que incluĂram o IAT â Internet Addiction Test e a YFAS â Yale Food Addiction Scale. Verificou-se que 23,4% dos adolescentes (n=89) apresentam DI moderada/grave e 8,1% (n=31) indica ter dependĂȘncia de comida. Jovens com dependĂȘncia alimentar apresentam valores significativamente mais altos no IAT (t(60) =-2.164;p=.034). Adicionalmente, valores mais elevados do IAT eram preditos pelo uso de aparelhos Ă mesa (ÎČ =,31, p<,001), um menor bem-estar psicolĂłgico percebido (ÎČ =-,18, p<,001), ter acesso a ecrĂŁs durante a noite (ÎČ =,15, p=,003), consumo de doces (ÎČ =,21, p<,001), ser mais novo (ÎČ =-,09, p=,071), ser do sexo masculino (ÎČ =-,09, p=,079). Este estudo enfatiza a importĂąncia de considerar a percentagem de jovens com dependĂȘncia moderada/grave de internet, e de planear a deteção precoce e a exploração da eficĂĄcia de intervençÔes implementĂĄveis nas comunidades e escolas.
In Portugal there has been a significant increase in Internet users in recent years. Of 336,140 inhabitants in Portugal mainland with Internet access (in 2000), they increased to 3,190,251 in 2016 (PORDATA, 2018). Internet Addiction (IA) and excessive use of the Internet pose a risk to psychological and physical well-being; previous studies in young Portuguese identify 20% with IA (Pontes & PatrĂŁo, 2014). Consequently, the present study explores predictors of IA in Portuguese adolescents, as well as the possible association with the practice of physical activity and food addiction. In total, 381 students from 7th to 12th grade level completed online questionnaires, which included the IAT - Internet Addiction Test and the YFAS - Yale Food Addiction Scale. It was found that 23.4% of adolescents (n = 89) presented moderate / severe DI and 8.1% (n = 31) indicated to have food addiction. Adolescences with food dependency have significantly higher IAT values (t (60) = -2.164; p = .034). In addition, higher IAT values were predicted by the use of appliances at the table (ÎČ =,31, p<,001) lower perceived psychological wellbeing (ÎČ =-,18, p <.001) access screens at night (ÎČ =,15, p=,003), eating of sweets (ÎČ =, 21, p <, 001), being younger (ÎČ = -,09, p=,071), being male (ÎČ =-,09, p=,079). This study emphasizes the importance of considering the percentage of youth with moderate / severe internet dependence and of planning early detection and exploring the effectiveness of interventions that can be implemented in communities and schools.
In Portugal there has been a significant increase in Internet users in recent years. Of 336,140 inhabitants in Portugal mainland with Internet access (in 2000), they increased to 3,190,251 in 2016 (PORDATA, 2018). Internet Addiction (IA) and excessive use of the Internet pose a risk to psychological and physical well-being; previous studies in young Portuguese identify 20% with IA (Pontes & PatrĂŁo, 2014). Consequently, the present study explores predictors of IA in Portuguese adolescents, as well as the possible association with the practice of physical activity and food addiction. In total, 381 students from 7th to 12th grade level completed online questionnaires, which included the IAT - Internet Addiction Test and the YFAS - Yale Food Addiction Scale. It was found that 23.4% of adolescents (n = 89) presented moderate / severe DI and 8.1% (n = 31) indicated to have food addiction. Adolescences with food dependency have significantly higher IAT values (t (60) = -2.164; p = .034). In addition, higher IAT values were predicted by the use of appliances at the table (ÎČ =,31, p<,001) lower perceived psychological wellbeing (ÎČ =-,18, p <.001) access screens at night (ÎČ =,15, p=,003), eating of sweets (ÎČ =, 21, p <, 001), being younger (ÎČ = -,09, p=,071), being male (ÎČ =-,09, p=,079). This study emphasizes the importance of considering the percentage of youth with moderate / severe internet dependence and of planning early detection and exploring the effectiveness of interventions that can be implemented in communities and schools.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA â Instituto UniversitĂĄrio para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da SaĂșde
Keywords
AdolescĂȘncia PrĂĄtica atividade fĂsica DependĂȘncia de comida DependĂȘncias na internet Adolescence Physical activity Food addiction Internet addiction