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Relação entre autocontrolo, suporte social e consumo de substâncias com a dependência alimentar
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Introdução: O consumo de alimentos processados e ricos em gordura e açúcar fazem parte,
cada vez mais, da rotina do indivíduo. Este estudo tinha como principal objetivo perceber se o
autocontrolo do indivíduo, a sua perceção de suporte social e o seu consumo ou não de
substâncias seriam um fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de sintomas associados a
dependência alimentar (DA). Método: Esta investigação obteve uma amostra de 479
participantes, 377 mulheres e 102 homens, com idades compreendidas entre os 18 e os 65 anos.
Recorri ao uso do instrumento YFAS 2.0 para medir dependência alimentar, a ESSS para a
variável de suporte social, o ASSIST para avaliar os consumos de substâncias e a BSCS para
medir o autocontrolo. Resultados: Verificou-se uma relação significativa entre dependência
alimentar e autocontrolo (β=-0.434;p= 0.000) bem como com a variável de suporte social
(β=0.203;p= 0.000). Discussão: Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que indivíduos com um
menor autocontrolo e uma maior perceção de suporte social, apresentavam maior risco de
desenvolver sintomas associados a dependência alimentar. A literatura mostra-se congruente
com esta relação entre autocontrolo e dependência alimentar mas o mesmo não se observou
com o suporte social. Futuramente seria interessante e pertinente aprofundar os estudos entre
dependência alimentar e suporte social como possível variável com impacto negativo. A
dimensão do questionário, dispersão de idades e o tamanho da amostra foram algumas das
limitações do presente trabalho.
Introduction: The consumption of processed foods high in fat and sugar has increasingly become part of individuals daily routines. The main objective of this study was to determine whether self-control, perceived social support, and substance use or non-use would represent risk factors for the development of symptoms associated with food addiction (FA). Method: This investigation comprised a sample of 479 participants, 377 women and 102 men, aged between 18 and 65 years old. The Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) was employed to assess food addiction, the Social Support Satisfaction Scale (ESSS) to evaluate social support, the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) to measure substance use, and the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) to assess self-control. Results: A significant relationship was identified between food addiction and self-control (β = -0.434; p = 0.000), as well as with the social support variable (β = 0.203; p = 0.000). Discussion: The findings of this study suggest that individuals with lower levels of self-control and higher perceived social support were at increased risk of developing symptoms associated with food addiction. The literature corroborates the relationship between self-control and food addiction; however, the same was not observed in relation to social support. Future research would benefit from further examining the association between food addiction and social support as a potential variable exerting a negative impact. The questionnaire length, the dispersion of ages, and the sample size were among the limitations of the present study.
Introduction: The consumption of processed foods high in fat and sugar has increasingly become part of individuals daily routines. The main objective of this study was to determine whether self-control, perceived social support, and substance use or non-use would represent risk factors for the development of symptoms associated with food addiction (FA). Method: This investigation comprised a sample of 479 participants, 377 women and 102 men, aged between 18 and 65 years old. The Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS 2.0) was employed to assess food addiction, the Social Support Satisfaction Scale (ESSS) to evaluate social support, the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) to measure substance use, and the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS) to assess self-control. Results: A significant relationship was identified between food addiction and self-control (β = -0.434; p = 0.000), as well as with the social support variable (β = 0.203; p = 0.000). Discussion: The findings of this study suggest that individuals with lower levels of self-control and higher perceived social support were at increased risk of developing symptoms associated with food addiction. The literature corroborates the relationship between self-control and food addiction; however, the same was not observed in relation to social support. Future research would benefit from further examining the association between food addiction and social support as a potential variable exerting a negative impact. The questionnaire length, the dispersion of ages, and the sample size were among the limitations of the present study.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre da especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Dependência alimentar Suporte Social Autocontrolo Consumo de Substâncias Amostra Portuguesa Food Addiction Social Support Self-Control Substance Use Portuguese Sample.