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Publication
Significado e empatia: efeitos de uma intervenção baseada em teatro playback
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Abstract(s)
O Teatro Playback (TP) é um tipo de teatro em que são representadas, através do improviso, histórias pessoais partilhadas pela audiência, sendo cocriados, através da escuta empática e da expressão artística, novos significados para as experiências dos narradores. O significado é um dos constituintes do bem-estar e uma variável fundamental para obter uma mensuração compreensiva do bem-estar. Alguma literatura sobre TP parece indicar um método e efeitos cuja descrição é semelhante à descrição de intervenções de promoção do significado, pelo que TP poderá ser enquadrado teoricamente como uma intervenção desse tipo. Contudo, não existe nenhuma investigação empírica sobre esta sua potencial aplicação. Um dos pressupostos centrais do TP é a empatia e, apesar de já existir alguma investigação sobre o impacto do TP na empatia, são estudos de intervenções curtas ou de recolha de dados apenas qualitativos. Assim, investigou-se se uma intervenção de TP com 12 sessões tem efeito na experiência de significado e empatia dos participantes. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental com medidas de pré-pós-teste e distribuição aleatória dos participantes no grupo experimental (N = 13) e controlo (N = 19) (ensaio aleatório controlado). Não foi possível concluir, estatisticamente, que a intervenção tenha tido efeito nos participantes. São ainda discutidas limitações metodológicas deste estudo, implicações teóricas sobre a ligação do TP aos constructos empatia e significado e resultados preliminares da análise qualitativa que se encontra em curso.
Playback Theater (PT) is a type of theater in which personal stories shared by the audience are represented through improvisation, and where new meanings for the narrators’ experiences are co-created through empathic listening and artistic expression. Meaning is one of the constituents of well-being and a critical variable for a comprehensive measurement of well-being. Some of the literature on PT seems to indicate a method and effects whose description is similar to the description of meaning promotion interventions, so PT may be theoretically framed as such an intervention. Nevertheless, there is no empirical research on this potential application of PT. Furthermore, one of the central assumptions of PT is empathy and, although there is already some research into the impact of PT on empathy, these studies focus on very short-term interventions or collected only qualitative data. We investigated whether a 12 session PT intervention has an effect on participants' experience of meaning and empathy. An experimental design with pre-post-test measurements and random distribution of participants in the experimental (N = 13) and control (N = 19) group was used (randomized controlled trial). Statistically it could not be concluded that the intervention had an effect on the participants. Methodological limitations of this study, theoretical implications on the link between PT, meaning and empathy and preliminary results of the qualitative analysis that is underway are discussed.
Playback Theater (PT) is a type of theater in which personal stories shared by the audience are represented through improvisation, and where new meanings for the narrators’ experiences are co-created through empathic listening and artistic expression. Meaning is one of the constituents of well-being and a critical variable for a comprehensive measurement of well-being. Some of the literature on PT seems to indicate a method and effects whose description is similar to the description of meaning promotion interventions, so PT may be theoretically framed as such an intervention. Nevertheless, there is no empirical research on this potential application of PT. Furthermore, one of the central assumptions of PT is empathy and, although there is already some research into the impact of PT on empathy, these studies focus on very short-term interventions or collected only qualitative data. We investigated whether a 12 session PT intervention has an effect on participants' experience of meaning and empathy. An experimental design with pre-post-test measurements and random distribution of participants in the experimental (N = 13) and control (N = 19) group was used (randomized controlled trial). Statistically it could not be concluded that the intervention had an effect on the participants. Methodological limitations of this study, theoretical implications on the link between PT, meaning and empathy and preliminary results of the qualitative analysis that is underway are discussed.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Teatro playback Bem-estar Significado Empatia Playback Theatre Well-being Meaning Empathy