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Estilos parentais e a adaptação psicossocial da criança ao pré-escolar
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Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho teve como objetivos, analisar as semelhanças e diferenças nos estilos parentais de mães e pais, de crianças em idade pré-escolar e as associações entre os diferentes estilos parentais, bem como a adaptação psicossocial da criança ao contexto pré-escolar. Alguns estudos indicam que os diferentes estilos parentais têm influência nos comportamentos das crianças no pré-escolar. Os participantes deste estudo foram 300 famílias bi-parentais, tendo as crianças idades compreendidas entre os 3 e os 5 anos, sendo 155 do sexo feminino e 111 do sexo masculino e respetivos pais. Os dados sobre os estilos parentais de ambos os pais, foram recolhidos através da Escala de Estilos e Dimensões Parentais (Robinson, Mandleco, Olsen, & Hart, 2001), enquanto que os dados da competência social da criança, foram recolhidos pelas educadoras através da Escala de Competência Social e Avaliação do Comportamento (LaFreniere & Dumas, 1996). Os resultados apontam para o facto de ambos os pais manifestaram uma concordância muito elevada entre a adoção dos mesmos estilos parentais.
Quanto ao relacionamento dos estilos parentais de ambos os pais, com o comportamento que as crianças manifestam no pré-escolar, constatou-se que tanto o pai como a mãe autoritária, têm influência sobre os comportamentos de agressividade na criança, não se tendo verificado nenhuma relação com o isolamento, enquanto que a mãe autoritativa tem influência nos comportamentos de competência social da criança, ou seja, quanto mais os pais são autoritários, menos competentes são as crianças socialmente.
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to analyze the similarities and differences in parenting styles of mothers and fathers of children in preschool and the associations between the different parenting styles and children's psychosocial adaptation to the preschool context. Some studies indicate that different parenting styles influence the children behavior in preschool age. The participants in this study are 300 bi-parental families; children were aged between 3 and 5 years, and 155 females and 111 males and their respective parents. The date on the parenting styles of both parents were collected by Parenting Styles and Dimensions Scale (Robinson, Mandleco, Olsen, & Hart, 2001). While the date of the social competence of children were collected by the teachers through the Social Competence Scale and Behavior Rating (LaFreniere & Dumas,1996). The results point to the fact that both parents show a very high correlation between the adoptions of the same parenting styles. Regarding the relationship of parenting styles of both parents with behavior that children manifest in preschool, it was found that both the father and the mother have authoritative influence on aggressive behavior with children, however there was no relationship with isolation, while the mother has authoritative influence on behavior of children's social competence, the parents are more authoritarian and the children are less sociable.
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to analyze the similarities and differences in parenting styles of mothers and fathers of children in preschool and the associations between the different parenting styles and children's psychosocial adaptation to the preschool context. Some studies indicate that different parenting styles influence the children behavior in preschool age. The participants in this study are 300 bi-parental families; children were aged between 3 and 5 years, and 155 females and 111 males and their respective parents. The date on the parenting styles of both parents were collected by Parenting Styles and Dimensions Scale (Robinson, Mandleco, Olsen, & Hart, 2001). While the date of the social competence of children were collected by the teachers through the Social Competence Scale and Behavior Rating (LaFreniere & Dumas,1996). The results point to the fact that both parents show a very high correlation between the adoptions of the same parenting styles. Regarding the relationship of parenting styles of both parents with behavior that children manifest in preschool, it was found that both the father and the mother have authoritative influence on aggressive behavior with children, however there was no relationship with isolation, while the mother has authoritative influence on behavior of children's social competence, the parents are more authoritarian and the children are less sociable.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Educacional, apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Estilos parentais Competência social Agressividade Isolamento social Parenting styles Social competence Aggression Social isolation