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Louca, frágil, vítima, impulsiva, má. Um estudo sobre as atitudes da guarda prisional face a mulheres ofensoras
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Abstract(s)
Os Guardas Prisionais detêm extrema importância no processo de reclusão dos
indivíduos que cometeram crimes, contribuindo para a sua ressocialização. Contudo, não são
imunes a crenças e atitudes disseminadas socialmente acerca de diversos tópicos, como a
criminalidade feminina, sendo que estas poderão enviesar o seu comportamento.
O presente estudo teve como principais objetivos explorar as atitudes destes elementos
face ao crime cometido por mulheres, além de as relacionar com outras variáveis de relevo,
como o sexo e o posicionamento político. Para tal, recorremos a um questionário composto pelo
instrumento “Atitudes sobre o Crime Feminino” (ACF), por uma medida breve de avaliação da
personalidade – TIPI-P – e por questões de natureza sociodemográfica, aplicado a 132 Guardas
Prisionais e em seis Estabelecimentos Prisionais.
Primeiramente, aferimos a estrutura fatorial da escala ACF, tendo-se obtido quatro
fatores distintos da versão original. Posteriormente, observámos uma tendência avaliativa
predominantemente negativa, principalmente em participantes jovens e mulheres, que
expressaram maior concordância com a visão patológica da mulher que comete crimes e,
consequentemente, com a dupla punição. Contrapondo, os homens mais velhos tenderam a
percecionar a mulher como vítima, além de possuírem mais conhecimentos técnicos adequados,
mostrando-se mais tolerantes.
Em suma, verifica-se uma atuação diferenciada face a mulheres que cometem crimes,
assente na complexa relação entre género, papéis de género e criminalidade. Assim, ora é
reforçada a visão da “mulher frágil”, ora é julgada a “mulher má”, levando-nos a crer que ‘serse mulher’ (ainda) não suscita respostas legais neutras por parte do Sistema de Justiça.
ABSTRACT: Prison Officers are key elements in the imprisonment experiences of individuals who have committed offenses, namely regarding their social reintegration. However, are not immune to socially spread beliefs and attitudes concerning a number of topics, such as female criminality, which can bias their behavior. The present study aimed to explore the attitudes of Prison Officers towards female criminality, as well as to understand the relationship between this first variable and several others, such as sex and political stance. For that reason, 132 Prison Guards from six different prisons responded to a questionnaire composed of “Atitudes sobre o Crime Feminino” (ACF) instrument, a brief measure to assess personality – TIPI-P – and questions pertaining to sociodemographic characteristics. Firstly, we analyzed AFC scale’s factor structure and obtained four factors, whose psychometric properties differed from the original instrument. Furthermore, we observed a predominantly negative tendency concerning female criminality, especially held by younger individuals and women. These expressed greater agreement with a pathological view on women that commit crimes and thus with double punishment. In contrast, older men tended to perceive women as victims of their circumstances, besides presenting a wider range of technical knowledge and appearing to be more tolerant. ABSTRACT: To conclude, the differential approaches towards women who commit crimes stand out as based on a complex relationship between gender, gender roles and criminality, ranging between the “fragile woman” to the “bad woman” and exposing the fact that ‘being a woman’ doesn’t (yet) provoke neutral responses from the Justice System.
ABSTRACT: Prison Officers are key elements in the imprisonment experiences of individuals who have committed offenses, namely regarding their social reintegration. However, are not immune to socially spread beliefs and attitudes concerning a number of topics, such as female criminality, which can bias their behavior. The present study aimed to explore the attitudes of Prison Officers towards female criminality, as well as to understand the relationship between this first variable and several others, such as sex and political stance. For that reason, 132 Prison Guards from six different prisons responded to a questionnaire composed of “Atitudes sobre o Crime Feminino” (ACF) instrument, a brief measure to assess personality – TIPI-P – and questions pertaining to sociodemographic characteristics. Firstly, we analyzed AFC scale’s factor structure and obtained four factors, whose psychometric properties differed from the original instrument. Furthermore, we observed a predominantly negative tendency concerning female criminality, especially held by younger individuals and women. These expressed greater agreement with a pathological view on women that commit crimes and thus with double punishment. In contrast, older men tended to perceive women as victims of their circumstances, besides presenting a wider range of technical knowledge and appearing to be more tolerant. ABSTRACT: To conclude, the differential approaches towards women who commit crimes stand out as based on a complex relationship between gender, gender roles and criminality, ranging between the “fragile woman” to the “bad woman” and exposing the fact that ‘being a woman’ doesn’t (yet) provoke neutral responses from the Justice System.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Criminalidade feminina Atitudes Guarda prisional Papéis de género Female criminality Attitudes Prison officer Gender roles