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Publication
O impacto da orientação sexual na prática terapêutica: uma análise qualitativa da formação e das relações terapêuticas com clientes LGB
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo procurou compreender se psicólogos/as portugueses/as LGB sentem a
necessidade de formação específica na área LGB(TQIA+) e como a sua orientação sexual
impacta a intervenção terapêutica. A recolha de dados foi feita por amostragem não
probabilística intencional, por conveniência e por propagação geométrica. Foram
selecionados/as cerca de onze psicólogos/as clínicos/as LGB cisgéneros (nove homens gay,
uma mulher lésbica, uma bissexual e uma pansexual). Foram realizadas entrevistas
semiestruturadas online, sendo que as mesmas foram gravadas com o consentimento dos/as
participantes. O método de análise selecionado foi o a análise temática, codebook, optando-se
por uma abordagem de bottom-up com o objetivo de explorar a experiência de psicólogos/as
clínicos/as LGB relativamente à sua formação na área LGB(TQIA+), assim como o impacto
que a sua orientação sexual pode ter na relação terapêutica com clientes também LGB.
Os/as participantes destacaram a importância da formação contínua e da atualização
de conhecimentos. A prática afirmativa foi destacada como uma abordagem relevante,
proporcionando um espaço seguro e promovendo empatia. A autorrevelação da orientação
sexual foi discutida, especialmente em casos de clientes LGB. Alguns/mas profissionais
reconheceram a existência de contratransferência, destacando a importância da reflexão
profissional. Os resultados revelaram que, embora os/as participantes em geral reconheçam a
importância da formação na área LGB(TQIA+) para atender clientes LGB, grande maioria
concordou que fazer parte da comunidade proporciona uma compreensão mais profunda dos
desafios, riscos e maior empatia, demonstrando assim a perspetiva que trazem para o
atendimento. No entanto, concluiu-se que a intervenção mais eficaz requer um equilíbrio
adequado entre a formação formal e as características pessoais dos/as psicólogos/as, como a
identificação com a comunidade e a sensibilidade multicultural. Limitações incluíram a
exclusão de outras identidades LGBTQIA+ e a necessidade de futuras pesquisas sobre
contratransferência de psicólogos/as LGBTQIA+ com clientes LGBTQIA+.
ABSTRACT: This study sought to understand whether Portuguese LGB psychologists feel the need for specific training in the LGB(TQIA+) area and how their sexual orientation impacts on therapeutic intervention. Data was collected using intentional non-probabilistic sampling, by convenience and geometric spread. Eleven cisgender LGB clinical psychologists were selected (nine gay men, one lesbian woman, one bisexual woman and one pansexual woman). Semi-structured interviews were conducted online and recorded with the consent of the participants. The method of analysis selected was thematic analysis, codebook, opting for a bottom-up approach with the aim of exploring the experience of LGB clinical psychologists in relation to their training in the LGB(TQIA+) area, as well as the impact that their sexual orientation can have on the therapeutic relationship with clients who are also LGB. Participants highlighted the importance of continuous training and updating knowledge. Affirmative practice was highlighted as a relevant approach, providing a safe space and promoting empathy. Self-disclosure of sexual orientation was discussed, especially in the case of LGB clients. Some professionals recognized the existence of countertransference, highlighting the importance of professional reflection. The results revealed that, although the participants generally recognize the importance of training in the LGB(TQIA+) area for assisting LGB clients, the vast majority agreed that being part of the community provides a deeper understanding of the challenges, risks and greater empathy, thus demonstrating the perspective they bring to the service. However, it was concluded that the most effective intervention requires an appropriate balance between formal training and psychologists' personal characteristics, such as identification with the community and multicultural sensitivity. Limitations included the exclusion of other LGBTQIA+ identities and the need for future research on LGBTQIA+ psychologists countertransference with LGBTQIA+ clients.
ABSTRACT: This study sought to understand whether Portuguese LGB psychologists feel the need for specific training in the LGB(TQIA+) area and how their sexual orientation impacts on therapeutic intervention. Data was collected using intentional non-probabilistic sampling, by convenience and geometric spread. Eleven cisgender LGB clinical psychologists were selected (nine gay men, one lesbian woman, one bisexual woman and one pansexual woman). Semi-structured interviews were conducted online and recorded with the consent of the participants. The method of analysis selected was thematic analysis, codebook, opting for a bottom-up approach with the aim of exploring the experience of LGB clinical psychologists in relation to their training in the LGB(TQIA+) area, as well as the impact that their sexual orientation can have on the therapeutic relationship with clients who are also LGB. Participants highlighted the importance of continuous training and updating knowledge. Affirmative practice was highlighted as a relevant approach, providing a safe space and promoting empathy. Self-disclosure of sexual orientation was discussed, especially in the case of LGB clients. Some professionals recognized the existence of countertransference, highlighting the importance of professional reflection. The results revealed that, although the participants generally recognize the importance of training in the LGB(TQIA+) area for assisting LGB clients, the vast majority agreed that being part of the community provides a deeper understanding of the challenges, risks and greater empathy, thus demonstrating the perspective they bring to the service. However, it was concluded that the most effective intervention requires an appropriate balance between formal training and psychologists' personal characteristics, such as identification with the community and multicultural sensitivity. Limitations included the exclusion of other LGBTQIA+ identities and the need for future research on LGBTQIA+ psychologists countertransference with LGBTQIA+ clients.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a
orientação do Professor Doutor Pedro Alexandre Costa,
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Psicólogos/as LGB Formação LGB(TQIA+) Clientes LGB Relação Terapêutica Autorrevelação LGB Psychologists LGB(TQIA+) Training LGB Clients Therapeutic Relationship Self-Disclosure