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Funcionamento familiar e a sua relação com comportamentos suicidários, depressão, ansiedade e stress em adolescentes numa amostra clínica
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Abstract(s)
O suicídio tem sido reportado como a 2ª causa de morte em jovens entre os 15 e os 24 anos. Os estudos acerca dos comportamentos autolesivos e dos atos suicidas são escassos em Portugal e a literatura internacional apresenta contradições acerca desta temática. A presente investigação tem por objetivo caracterizar os jovens que se dirigem ao Serviço de Psiquiatria de um hospital público em Lisboa e descrever a frequência de comportamentos autolesivos (CAL), tentativas de suicídio (TS), ideação suicida (IS) e vontade de morrer (VM). Pretendeu-se, ainda, caracterizar o funcionamento familiar (coesão, flexibilidade, comunicação e satisfação), bem como depressão, ansiedade e stress nestes jovens. A amostra considerou 100 adolescentes com idades entre os 12 e os 21 anos, 37% são do sexo masculino e 63% do sexo feminino, que recorreram ao Serviço de Psiquiatria. Solicitou-se aos participantes o preenchimentos das seguintes escalas: Escala de Avaliação da Coesão e Flexibilidade Familiar (FACES-IV), Escala Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress (EADS-21), Inventário dos Comportamentos Autolesivos e Questionário de Ideação Suicida (SIQ). Os dados revelaram que 83,3% dos jovens tinham comportamentos autolesivos. Melhores níveis de comunicação e satisfação familiar e menores níveis de psicopatologia levam a menos CAL, TS, IS e VM. As raparigas exibem mais CAL, IS e VM que os rapazes. Ainda, a ansiedade é a variável com maior impacto nos CAL e TS, e a depressão na IS. Conclui-se também que a satisfação familiar surgiu como o fator familiar com maior efeito nos CAL, TS e IS.
Suicide has been reported to be the second leading cause of death among young people between the ages of 15 and 24. Studies on Non suicidal self-injury and suicide acts are scarce in Portugal and international literature shows/presents contradictions regarding this topic. The present investigation has the purpose of characterizing young people who repair to the Psychiatric Service of a public hospital in Lisbon as well as describing the frequency of Non suicidal self-injury (CAL), suicide attempts (TS), suicidal ideation (IS) and will to die (VM). Furthermore, there was the aim of characterizing family functioning (cohesion, flexibility, communication and satisfaction) as well as depression, anxiety and stress in these young people. The sample contemplated 100 teenagers with the ages among 12 and 21 years old, 37% of them are male and 63% female, who repaired to the Psychiatric Service. Participants were requested to fill in the following scales: Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES-IV), Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (EADS-21), Non suicidal self-injury Inventory and The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ). Data shows that 83,3% of those young people had Non suicidal self-injury. Higher/Better levels of family communication and satisfaction and less/lower levels of psychopathology lead to less/lower CAL, TS, IS and VM. More CAL, IS and VM is displayed in girls rather than boys. Moreover, anxiety is the variable with bigger impact on CAL and TS and depression on IS. It was also concluded that family satisfaction was the family factor having a bigger effect/impact on CAL, TS and IS.
Suicide has been reported to be the second leading cause of death among young people between the ages of 15 and 24. Studies on Non suicidal self-injury and suicide acts are scarce in Portugal and international literature shows/presents contradictions regarding this topic. The present investigation has the purpose of characterizing young people who repair to the Psychiatric Service of a public hospital in Lisbon as well as describing the frequency of Non suicidal self-injury (CAL), suicide attempts (TS), suicidal ideation (IS) and will to die (VM). Furthermore, there was the aim of characterizing family functioning (cohesion, flexibility, communication and satisfaction) as well as depression, anxiety and stress in these young people. The sample contemplated 100 teenagers with the ages among 12 and 21 years old, 37% of them are male and 63% female, who repaired to the Psychiatric Service. Participants were requested to fill in the following scales: Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES-IV), Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale (EADS-21), Non suicidal self-injury Inventory and The Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire (SIQ). Data shows that 83,3% of those young people had Non suicidal self-injury. Higher/Better levels of family communication and satisfaction and less/lower levels of psychopathology lead to less/lower CAL, TS, IS and VM. More CAL, IS and VM is displayed in girls rather than boys. Moreover, anxiety is the variable with bigger impact on CAL and TS and depression on IS. It was also concluded that family satisfaction was the family factor having a bigger effect/impact on CAL, TS and IS.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Funcionamento familiar Comportamentos suicidários Depressão Ansiedade Stress Family functioning Suicidal behaviour Depression Anxiety