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UM ESTUDO EUROPEU SOBRE OS FATORES ASSOCIADOS À INSATISFAÇÃO CORPORAL NO ENVELHECIMENTO
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O envelhecimento é uma realidade cada vez mais presente na sociedade ocidental,
havendo, no entanto, poucos estudos mais representativos desta população e, em particular,
relacionados com a imagem corporal e a sexualidade. O presente estudo pretende assim
adereçar tal, tendo utilizado uma base de dados de um estudo europeu realizado na Noruega,
Dinamarca, Bélgica e Portugal, financiado pelo The Research Council of Norway e com Ana
Carvalheira enquanto investigadora portuguesa. Objetivos: (1) analisar as diferenças entre a
presença ou a ausência de dificuldades sexuais face à insatisfação corporal em mulheres e
homens portugueses e noruegueses; e (2) estudar as variáveis associadas à insatisfação
corporal em seniores. Método: Um total de 1,780 seniores portugueses e noruegueses, com
idades entre os 60 e os 75 anos, preencheram um questionário. Resultados: A presença de
determinadas dificuldades sexuais evidenciou uma insatisfação corporal significativamente
superior face a participantes sem as mesmas. As quatro regressões hierárquicas realizadas
revelaram fatores significativamente associados à insatisfação corporal: em mulheres
portuguesas, o nível educacional, índice de massa corporal (IMC) e perceção de saúde; em
mulheres norueguesas, o nível educacional, IMC, frequência de exercício físico, satisfação
sexual e perceção de saúde; em homens portugueses, o IMC, satisfação sexual e perceção de
saúde; em homens noruegueses, a idade, relação de compromisso, satisfação sexual e
perceção de saúde. Conclusão: Os resultados salientam a importância de diversos fatores para
a compreensão da insatisfação corporal em seniores consoante o seu género e a nacionalidade.
ABSTRACT: Ageing is an increasingly present reality in Western society, yet there are few studies that are more representative of this population and, in particular, related to body image and sexuality. This study aims to address this, using a database from a European study carried out in Norway, Denmark, Belgium and Portugal, funded by The Research Council of Norway and with Ana Carvalheira as the Portuguese researcher. Objectives: (1) to analyze the differences between the presence or absence of sexual difficulties and body dissatisfaction in Portuguese and Norwegian women and men; and (2) to study the variables associated with body dissatisfaction in seniors. Method: A total of 1,780 Portuguese and Norwegian seniors, aged between 60 and 75, completed a questionnaire. Results: The presence of certain sexual difficulties showed significantly higher body dissatisfaction compared to participants without them. The four hierarchical regressions carried out revealed factors significantly associated with body dissatisfaction: in Portuguese women, educational level, body mass index (BMI) and perceived health; in Norwegian women, educational level, BMI, frequency of physical exercise, sexual satisfaction and perceived health; in Portuguese men, BMI, sexual satisfaction and perceived health; in Norwegian men, age, commitment relationship, sexual satisfaction and perceived health. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of various factors in understanding body dissatisfaction in seniors, depending on their gender and nationality.
ABSTRACT: Ageing is an increasingly present reality in Western society, yet there are few studies that are more representative of this population and, in particular, related to body image and sexuality. This study aims to address this, using a database from a European study carried out in Norway, Denmark, Belgium and Portugal, funded by The Research Council of Norway and with Ana Carvalheira as the Portuguese researcher. Objectives: (1) to analyze the differences between the presence or absence of sexual difficulties and body dissatisfaction in Portuguese and Norwegian women and men; and (2) to study the variables associated with body dissatisfaction in seniors. Method: A total of 1,780 Portuguese and Norwegian seniors, aged between 60 and 75, completed a questionnaire. Results: The presence of certain sexual difficulties showed significantly higher body dissatisfaction compared to participants without them. The four hierarchical regressions carried out revealed factors significantly associated with body dissatisfaction: in Portuguese women, educational level, body mass index (BMI) and perceived health; in Norwegian women, educational level, BMI, frequency of physical exercise, sexual satisfaction and perceived health; in Portuguese men, BMI, sexual satisfaction and perceived health; in Norwegian men, age, commitment relationship, sexual satisfaction and perceived health. Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of various factors in understanding body dissatisfaction in seniors, depending on their gender and nationality.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no
ISPA – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na
especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Insatisfação corporal Dificuldades sexuais Portugal Noruega Body dissatisfaction Sexual difficulties