Loading...
Publication
Espiritualidade, experiências místicas e atribuição de sentido à vida: Qual a sua associação com o medo da morte e os estados de humor
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Neste estudo procurou-se perceber se maiores níveis de espiritualidade e experiências
místicas se associam a menor medo da morte e a menor ansiedade, stress e depressão A amostra
internacional contou com 286 participantes (216 mulheres, 70 homens). A espiritualidade foi
medida através da Escala de Transcendência Espiritual que integra três subescalas:
Universalidade, Oração/Meditação e Ligação. Também foi criada uma escala de Êxtase de
forma a avaliar a propensão para experiências místicas, composta por três itens da Escala de
Transcendência Espiritual. Adicionalmente, a intensidade de experiências místicas ao longo da
vida foi medidas através da Escala de Misticismo de Hood que engloba três dimensões:
Misticismo Introvertido, Misticismo Extrovertido e Interpretação. O humor foi avaliado através
da Escala de Stress Ansiedade e Depressão. O medo da morte e o medo de morrer foram
avaliados pela Escala do Medo da Morte de Collet-Lester. A atribuição de sentido à vida foi
avaliada pela Escala de Atribuição de Sentido à Vida. Maiores níveis de Oração/Meditação
associaram-se a menos depressão. Menos medo da morte e menos medo de morrer associaramse a maior propensão para experiências místicas avaliada pela escala de Êxtase. Mais depressão
e ansiedade associaram-se a mais misticismo introvertido. Menos medo da morte associou-se
independentemente a idade mais velha, sexo masculino, menor busca de sentido da vida, maior
propensão para estados místicos avaliada pela escale de Êxtase e menos experiências místicas
avaliadas pela escala de misticismo introvertido. Menos medo de morrer associou-se
independentemente a idade mais velha, sexo masculino e mais Êxtase.
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed at testing if higher levels of spirituality and mystical experiences are associated with less fear of death, and with less anxiety, stress and depression. The international sample consisted of 286 participants (216 women, 70 men). Spirituality was measured with the Spiritual Transcendence Scale which encompasses three subscales: Universality, Prayer/Meditation and Connectedness. In order to measure the propensity for mystical experiences, a scale of Ecstasy with three items of the Transcendence Spiritual Scale. Additionally, the intensity of the mystical experiences throughout life was measured with the Mysticism Hood Scale which encompasses three dimensions: Introverted Mysticism, Extroverted Mysticism, and Interpretation. Mood was measured with the Stress, Anxiety and Depression Scale. Fear of death and fear of dying were measured with the Fear of Death Scale. The meaning in life was measured with the Scale of Meaning in Life. Higher levels of prayer/meditation were associated with less depression. Less fear of death and less fear of dying were associated with higher propensity for mystical experiences measured by the Ecstasy scale. More depression and anxiety were associated with more introverted mysticism. Less fear of death was independently associated with older age, being male, less searching for meaning in life, lesser introverted mysticism, and greater propensity for mystical experiences as measured by the Ecstasy scale. Less fear of dying was associated independently with older age, being male, and more Ecstasy.
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed at testing if higher levels of spirituality and mystical experiences are associated with less fear of death, and with less anxiety, stress and depression. The international sample consisted of 286 participants (216 women, 70 men). Spirituality was measured with the Spiritual Transcendence Scale which encompasses three subscales: Universality, Prayer/Meditation and Connectedness. In order to measure the propensity for mystical experiences, a scale of Ecstasy with three items of the Transcendence Spiritual Scale. Additionally, the intensity of the mystical experiences throughout life was measured with the Mysticism Hood Scale which encompasses three dimensions: Introverted Mysticism, Extroverted Mysticism, and Interpretation. Mood was measured with the Stress, Anxiety and Depression Scale. Fear of death and fear of dying were measured with the Fear of Death Scale. The meaning in life was measured with the Scale of Meaning in Life. Higher levels of prayer/meditation were associated with less depression. Less fear of death and less fear of dying were associated with higher propensity for mystical experiences measured by the Ecstasy scale. More depression and anxiety were associated with more introverted mysticism. Less fear of death was independently associated with older age, being male, less searching for meaning in life, lesser introverted mysticism, and greater propensity for mystical experiences as measured by the Ecstasy scale. Less fear of dying was associated independently with older age, being male, and more Ecstasy.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado apresentado no Ispa - Instituto Universitário, para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Espiritualidade Misticismo Medo da morte Significado da vida Humor Spirituality Mysticism Fear of death Meaning in life Mood