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Publication
"Hoje melhor do que ontem, amanhã melhor do que hoje: perceções de psicólogos clinicos e de psicoterapeutas sobre as qualidades humanos que contribuem para o sucesso da psicoterapia"
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Abstract(s)
Objetivos: (1) Aferir se existe um padrão de forças de caráter (FC) através da VIA-IS (Values In Action – Inventory of Strengths; Peterson & Seligman, 2004), autopercecionado por psicoterapeutas de quatro países, que contribua para que alguns psicoterapeutas tenham mais sucesso do que outros; e (2) aferir se existem outras qualidades humanas (para além das aferidas com a VIA-IS) que distingam os psicoterapeutas com maior sucesso (PTS) dos com menor sucesso (PTMS).
Métodos: Para o primeiro objetivo foram usados métodos quantitativos (para analisar os resultados da VIA-IS, uma escala do tipo Likert de concordância com 5 pontos) e para o segundo objetivo foram usados métodos qualitativos (a análise de conteúdo dedutiva e indutiva) seguidos de uma análise quantitativa.
Resultados: Obteve-se um padrão de FC (autopercecionadas pelos psicoterapeutas), que distingue a eficiência dos PTS face aos PTMS, bem como um conjunto de qualidades humanas (comunicabilidade, reflexividade, contenção e presença) associadas ao sucesso clínico dos psicoterapeutas, mas que não os diferencia na autoperceção de eficiência.
Conclusões: Os psicoterapeutas amorosos, perseverantes, curiosos, entusiastas, honestos e com uma boa perspetiva, poderão obter mais sucesso no seu trabalho clínico. Porém são necessários mais estudos que validem também esta conclusão a fim de que se criem formações específicas que fomentem estas FC, para ampliar a quantidade de terapeutas de topo e a qualidade dos serviços de saúde mental. Sugere-se ainda a criação de um Inventário de Forças de Caráter dos Psicoterapeutas para aprofundar o conhecimento sobre as qualidades humanas que contribuem para o sucesso das psicoterapias.
Objectives: (1) To verify if there is a pattern of character strengths (CS), through VIA-IS (Values In Action – Inventory of Strengths; Peterson & Seligman, 2004), self-perceived by psychotherapists from four countries, that contributes for some psychotherapists to have more success than others; and (2) gauge if there are other human qualities (beyond those captured by VIA-IS) that distinguish the most successful psychotherapists (MSP) from the least successful psychotherapists (LSP). Methods: For the first objective, quantitative methods were used (to analyze the results of the VIA-IS, a 5-point Likert scale of agreement) and for the second objective qualitative methods (deductive and inductive content analysis) were used followed by a quantitative analysis. Results: A CS pattern (self-identified by psychotherapists) was obtained, which distinguishes the efficiency of the MSP from the LSP, as well as a set of human qualities (communicability, reflexivity, containment and presence) associated with the clinical success of psychotherapists, but that doesn't differentiate them in their self-perception of efficiency. Conclusions: The psychotherapists that are loving, persevering, curious, enthusiastic, honest, and with a good perspective, may be more successful in their clinical work. Yet, further studies are needed to validate this conclusion in order to create specific trainings that promote these CS, to increase the quantity of top therapists and the quality of mental health services. It is also suggested the creation of an Inventory of Character Strengths of Psychotherapists to deepen the knowledge about the human qualities that contribute to the success of psychotherapies.
Objectives: (1) To verify if there is a pattern of character strengths (CS), through VIA-IS (Values In Action – Inventory of Strengths; Peterson & Seligman, 2004), self-perceived by psychotherapists from four countries, that contributes for some psychotherapists to have more success than others; and (2) gauge if there are other human qualities (beyond those captured by VIA-IS) that distinguish the most successful psychotherapists (MSP) from the least successful psychotherapists (LSP). Methods: For the first objective, quantitative methods were used (to analyze the results of the VIA-IS, a 5-point Likert scale of agreement) and for the second objective qualitative methods (deductive and inductive content analysis) were used followed by a quantitative analysis. Results: A CS pattern (self-identified by psychotherapists) was obtained, which distinguishes the efficiency of the MSP from the LSP, as well as a set of human qualities (communicability, reflexivity, containment and presence) associated with the clinical success of psychotherapists, but that doesn't differentiate them in their self-perception of efficiency. Conclusions: The psychotherapists that are loving, persevering, curious, enthusiastic, honest, and with a good perspective, may be more successful in their clinical work. Yet, further studies are needed to validate this conclusion in order to create specific trainings that promote these CS, to increase the quantity of top therapists and the quality of mental health services. It is also suggested the creation of an Inventory of Character Strengths of Psychotherapists to deepen the knowledge about the human qualities that contribute to the success of psychotherapies.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Psicoterapia Fatores comuns Qualidades humanas Forças de carácter Psychotherapy Common factors Human qualities Character strengths