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A perceção da eficácia da psicoterapia e literacia em saúde mental dos adolescentes e jovens adultos
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Abstract(s)
Muitas perturbações mentais têm o seu início na adolescência, mas o apoio procurado por esta população é principalmente informal (família e amigos). Esta dissertação visa, desta forma, entender as crenças dos jovens sobre a eficácia da psicoterapia, como a avaliam em comparação com outras intervenções e os seus níveis de literacia em saúde mental. Participaram neste estudo 150 jovens, com idades entre os 16 e os 24 anos (M=19; DP=2,68), sendo 78% do género feminino, 20% masculino e 2% outro. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário online na plataforma Qualtrics XM, incluindo um questionário sociodemográfico, três vinhetas sobre perturbações mentais, e dois instrumentos: "Belief in the Efficacy of Psychotherapy" (BEP) desenvolvido por Volpe (2014), e "Mental Health Literacy questionnaire-Young Adults" (MHLq) elaborado por Dias et al., (2018). Os resultados indicam que as crenças sobre a eficácia da psicoterapia e o nível de literacia em saúde mental são elevados. No entanto, quando questionados sobre a intervenção mais adequada para diferentes perturbações, a psicoterapia não foi a opção preferida. Para perturbações alimentares, a escolha foi "Médico de Família"; para POC, "Meditação"; e para a Depressão Major, "Família", "Amigos Próximos", "Professor" e "Psicólogo/a". Encontrou-se, ainda, uma relação positiva e significativa entre a perceção da eficácia da psicoterapia e a literacia em saúde mental. De uma forma geral, as perceções da eficácia da psicoterapia são favoráveis e a literacia em saúde mental é elevada. No entanto, discute-se o aparente desconhecimento aprofundado sobre a psicoterapia e a necessidade de mais informação a respeito.
Many mental disorders begin in adolescence, but the support sought by this population is mainly informal (family and friends). This dissertation aims to understand young people's beliefs about the effectiveness of psychotherapy, how they evaluate it compared to other interventions and their levels of mental health literacy. A total of 150 young people took part in this study, aged between 16 and 24 (M=19; SD=2.68), 78% female, 20% male and 2% other. Data was collected through an online questionnaire on the Qualtrics XM platform, including a sociodemographic questionnaire, three vignettes about mental disorders, and two instruments: “Belief in the Efficacy of Psychotherapy” (BEP) developed by Volpe (2014), and “Mental Health Literacy questionnaire-Young Adults” (MHLq) developed by Dias et al., (2018). The results indicate that beliefs about the effectiveness of psychotherapy and the level of mental health literacy are high. However, when asked about the most appropriate intervention for different disorders, psychotherapy was not the preferred option. For Eating Disorders, the choice was “Family Doctor”; for OCD, “Meditation”; and for Major Depression, “Family”, “Close Friends”, “Teacher” and “Psychologist”. A positive and significant relationship was also found between the perceived effectiveness of psychotherapy and mental health literacy. In general, perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy are favorable and mental health literacy is high. However, the apparent lack of in-depth knowledge about psychotherapy and the need for more information about it are discussed.
Many mental disorders begin in adolescence, but the support sought by this population is mainly informal (family and friends). This dissertation aims to understand young people's beliefs about the effectiveness of psychotherapy, how they evaluate it compared to other interventions and their levels of mental health literacy. A total of 150 young people took part in this study, aged between 16 and 24 (M=19; SD=2.68), 78% female, 20% male and 2% other. Data was collected through an online questionnaire on the Qualtrics XM platform, including a sociodemographic questionnaire, three vignettes about mental disorders, and two instruments: “Belief in the Efficacy of Psychotherapy” (BEP) developed by Volpe (2014), and “Mental Health Literacy questionnaire-Young Adults” (MHLq) developed by Dias et al., (2018). The results indicate that beliefs about the effectiveness of psychotherapy and the level of mental health literacy are high. However, when asked about the most appropriate intervention for different disorders, psychotherapy was not the preferred option. For Eating Disorders, the choice was “Family Doctor”; for OCD, “Meditation”; and for Major Depression, “Family”, “Close Friends”, “Teacher” and “Psychologist”. A positive and significant relationship was also found between the perceived effectiveness of psychotherapy and mental health literacy. In general, perceptions of the effectiveness of psychotherapy are favorable and mental health literacy is high. However, the apparent lack of in-depth knowledge about psychotherapy and the need for more information about it are discussed.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Perceção da eficácia da psicoterapia Literacia em saúde mental Adolescentes e jovens adultos Perturbações mentais Perceived effectiveness of psychotherapy Mental health literacy Adolescents and young adults Mental disorders
Citation
Gonçalves, J. F. (2024). A perceção da eficácia da psicoterapia e literacia em saúde mental dos adolescentes e jovens adultos [Dissertação de Mestrado]. Ispa – Instituto Universitário.