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Resumo(s)
Apesar das políticas inclusivas, a participação laboral plena de pessoas com Dificuldade Intelectual continua condicionada por barreiras enraizadas, sendo fundamental identificar, através da sua voz, os fatores que promovem percursos profissionais sustentáveis.
Esta dissertação procura identificar as principais dificuldades profissionais e potenciais soluções às mesmas percecionadas por trabalhadores com Dificuldade Intelectual (DI), assim como as potenciais soluções aos obstáculos apontados pela literatura. Foi realizado um estudo de natureza qualitativa através da realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com 10 trabalhadores com DI. O guião de entrevista divide-se em 7 dimensões, começando pelos principais desafios na integração profissional dos trabalhadores e potencialidades de melhoria dos mesmos, seguido dos desafios gerais e satisfação profissional. As restantes 5 dimensões correspondem as principais dificuldades apontadas pela literatura: comunicação, socialização no local de trabalhão, sobrecarga sensorial, gestão de stress e gestão de tempo.
Os resultados evidenciaram que a inclusão laboral de pessoas com Dificuldade Intelectual depende menos das limitações individuais e mais da qualidade das adaptações contextuais e dos apoios disponibilizados. A comunicação clara, a previsibilidade das tarefas, o suporte social no local de trabalho e a promoção da autonomia emergiram como fatores centrais para a sustentabilidade do emprego. Ao mesmo tempo, persistem barreiras subtis, como instruções pouco acessíveis ou oportunidades limitadas de progressão, que comprometem a motivação e a permanência. Em conjunto, o estudo reforça a necessidade de práticas organizacionais inclusivas e de estratégias de apoio personalizadas para promover trajetórias profissionais mais estáveis e significativas.
Despite the existence of inclusive employment policies, the full participation of individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in the labor market remains limited by deeply rooted structural and social barriers. Understanding these experiences from the perspective of the workers themselves is essential to uncover the factors that enable more stable and sustainable career trajectories This thesis aims to identify the main professional difficulties and potential solutions as perceived by workers with Intellectual Disability (ID), as well as the solutions to obstacles highlighted in literature. A qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 10 workers with ID. The interview guide was structured around seven dimensions, beginning with the main challenges in professional integration and potential improvements, followed by general challenges and job satisfaction. The remaining five dimensions correspond to the main difficulties identified in previous research: communication, socialization in the workplace, sensory overload, stress management, and time management. The results showed that the labor inclusion of people with Intellectual Disability depends less on individual limitations and more on the quality of contextual adaptations and available support. Clear communication, task predictability, social support in the workplace, and the promotion of autonomy emerged as key factors for sustaining employment. At the same time, subtle barriers, such as inaccessible instructions or limited opportunities for career progression, compromise motivation and retention. Overall, the study highlights the need for inclusive organizational practices and tailored support strategies to foster more stable and meaningful professional trajectories.
Despite the existence of inclusive employment policies, the full participation of individuals with Intellectual Disabilities in the labor market remains limited by deeply rooted structural and social barriers. Understanding these experiences from the perspective of the workers themselves is essential to uncover the factors that enable more stable and sustainable career trajectories This thesis aims to identify the main professional difficulties and potential solutions as perceived by workers with Intellectual Disability (ID), as well as the solutions to obstacles highlighted in literature. A qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews with 10 workers with ID. The interview guide was structured around seven dimensions, beginning with the main challenges in professional integration and potential improvements, followed by general challenges and job satisfaction. The remaining five dimensions correspond to the main difficulties identified in previous research: communication, socialization in the workplace, sensory overload, stress management, and time management. The results showed that the labor inclusion of people with Intellectual Disability depends less on individual limitations and more on the quality of contextual adaptations and available support. Clear communication, task predictability, social support in the workplace, and the promotion of autonomy emerged as key factors for sustaining employment. At the same time, subtle barriers, such as inaccessible instructions or limited opportunities for career progression, compromise motivation and retention. Overall, the study highlights the need for inclusive organizational practices and tailored support strategies to foster more stable and meaningful professional trajectories.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Adaptação de postos de trabalho Inclusão Pessoas com dificuldade intelectual e do desenvolvimento Workplace adaptation Inclusion People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD)