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Publication
Alexitimia, burnout e experiências dissociativas peritraumáticas: Efeitos na perceção do estado de saúde em bombeiros municipais: Um estudo exploratório à volta do caso particular de Tavira
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Problema: A exposição cumulativa a situações adversas caracteriza a atividade de bombeiro,
porém, os estudos revelam-se insuficientes para compreender as suas consequências e, na
sequência, adotar medidas preventivas e promotoras da saúde física e mental dos bombeiros.
Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência da alexitimia, burnout, experiências dissociativas peritraumáticas e
perceção do estado de saúde, descrever possíveis relações entre estas variáveis e determinar o
impacto das variáveis psicológicas na perceção do estado de saúde dos Bombeiros Municipais de
Tavira.
Metodologia: é um estudo descritivo, correlacional e transversal, onde participaram 34
bombeiros. Os instrumentos aplicados foram Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto de Vinte Itens,
Inventário de burnout de Maslach, Questionário de Experiências Dissociativas Peritraumáticas e
Questionário do Estado de Saúde.
Resultados: 17,6% dos participantes apresenta um funcionamento alexitímico, 15,2% revela
valores elevados de exaustão emocional, 24,2% de despersonalização e 60% de realização pessoal.
50% dos sujeitos evidencia sintomatologia dissociativa peritraumática significativa e 91,2%
considera o seu estado de saúde total bom. A despersonalização associa-se à degradação da saúde,
ao aumento da alexitimia e a maiores dificuldades na identificação e distinção entre sentimentos e
sensações corporais da emoção. A exaustão emocional associa-se ao incremento dos sintomas
dissociativos e a realização pessoal a um pensamento menos orientado para o exterior. A
despersonalização emerge como preditor da perceção do estado de saúde.
Conclusão: A despersonalização configura-se essencial à perceção de bem-estar dos Bombeiros
Municipais de Tavira e deve ser considerada na promoção de estratégias para a redução dos
fatores de risco decorrentes da atividade de bombeiro.
ABSTRACT: Problem: The activity of fireman is characterized by cumulative exposure to adverse situations, however, the studies are insufficient to understand its consequences and, as a result, to adopt preventive measures and promoting physical and mental health of firefighters. Objective: Analyze the prevalence of alexithymia, burnout, peritraumatic dissociation experiences and health perception, describe possible relationships between these variables and determine the impact of psychological variables on the perception of health status of Tavira Municipal Firefighters. Methods: This is a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study, in which 34 firefighters were attended. The instruments used were 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Peritraumatic Dissociation Experiences Questionnaire and SF-36 Health Survey. Results: 17.6% of the participants has an alexithymic functioning, 15.2% revealed high levels of emotional exhaustion, 24.2% depersonalization and 60% personal accomplishment. 50% of subjects shows significant peritraumatic dissociation symptoms and 91.2% consider good their overall health. The depersonalization is associated with health deterioration, increased alexithymia and greater difficulties in identifying and distinguishing between feelings and bodily sensations of emotion. Emotional exhaustion is associated with the increase in dissociative symptoms and personal fulfilment to a less externally oriented thinking. The depersonalization emerges as a predictor of health perception. Conclusion: The depersonalization sets is essential to the welfare's perception by Tavira Municipal Firefighters and should be considered in promoting strategies for reducing risks factor from the activity of fireman.
ABSTRACT: Problem: The activity of fireman is characterized by cumulative exposure to adverse situations, however, the studies are insufficient to understand its consequences and, as a result, to adopt preventive measures and promoting physical and mental health of firefighters. Objective: Analyze the prevalence of alexithymia, burnout, peritraumatic dissociation experiences and health perception, describe possible relationships between these variables and determine the impact of psychological variables on the perception of health status of Tavira Municipal Firefighters. Methods: This is a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study, in which 34 firefighters were attended. The instruments used were 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, Peritraumatic Dissociation Experiences Questionnaire and SF-36 Health Survey. Results: 17.6% of the participants has an alexithymic functioning, 15.2% revealed high levels of emotional exhaustion, 24.2% depersonalization and 60% personal accomplishment. 50% of subjects shows significant peritraumatic dissociation symptoms and 91.2% consider good their overall health. The depersonalization is associated with health deterioration, increased alexithymia and greater difficulties in identifying and distinguishing between feelings and bodily sensations of emotion. Emotional exhaustion is associated with the increase in dissociative symptoms and personal fulfilment to a less externally oriented thinking. The depersonalization emerges as a predictor of health perception. Conclusion: The depersonalization sets is essential to the welfare's perception by Tavira Municipal Firefighters and should be considered in promoting strategies for reducing risks factor from the activity of fireman.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Alexitimia Burnout Experiências dissociativas peritraumática Estado de saúde Bombeiros municipais Alexithymia Burnout Peritraumatic dissociation experiences Health perception Municipal firefighters