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Publication
Efeitos contextuais na escolha intertemporal : EvidĂȘncia contra modelos de desconto
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A escolha intertemporal tem estreita ligação com fenómenos que estão na ordem do dia, tais como
comportamentos de poupança, consumo e investimento. Este estudo constituir-se-å como um avanço
na compreensĂŁo da escolha intertemporal, na medida em que contempla contextos de escolha triĂĄdica
(trĂȘs opçÔes) e nĂŁo apenas de escolha diĂĄdica (duas opçÔes), Ă qual se limitam a maior parte de estudos
empĂricos. Pela primeira vez, este estudo vem tentar compreender como a preferĂȘncia entre opçÔes Ă©
influenciada por outras opçÔes no contexto de escolha. Os actuais modelos de escolha intertemporal,
chamados modelos de desconto, nĂŁo contemplam tais influĂȘncias, uma vez que cada opção Ă© avaliada
independentemente das outras. Focamo-nos em efeitos de polarização, induzidos pela introdução de
uma terceira opção ao leque de escolha e o enquadramento da terceira opção como a opção default.
Os resultados confirmaram estes efeitos. Discutimos ainda como os modelos de desconto devem ser
substituĂdos por outros modelos, em que as pessoas fazem comparaçÔes directas entre as opçÔes. Os
resultados tambĂ©m confirmaram fenĂłmenos que atĂ© hoje tĂȘm sido acomodados pelos modelos de
desconto: Os efeitos de diferimento, de magnitude e de sinal.
ABSTRACT: Intertemporal choice has a direct relation with phenomena that pertain to every-day life, such as saving, consumption, and investment behavior. This study advances our understanding of intertemporal choice, in that it considers triadic choice contexts (three options) and not only dyadic ones (two options), to which most empirical studies are limited. For the first time, this study tries to understand how the preference between options is influenced by other options in the choice context. Current models of intertemporal choice, the so-called discounting models, do not consider such influences, because each option is evaluated independently from the others. We focus on polarization effects, induced by the introduction of a third option to the choice set and the framing of the third option as the default option. The results confirmed these effects. We discuss how discounting models must be replaced by other models, in which people make direct comparisons between the options. The results also confirmed phenomena that until today have been accommodated by discounting models: The delay, magnitude, and sign effects.
ABSTRACT: Intertemporal choice has a direct relation with phenomena that pertain to every-day life, such as saving, consumption, and investment behavior. This study advances our understanding of intertemporal choice, in that it considers triadic choice contexts (three options) and not only dyadic ones (two options), to which most empirical studies are limited. For the first time, this study tries to understand how the preference between options is influenced by other options in the choice context. Current models of intertemporal choice, the so-called discounting models, do not consider such influences, because each option is evaluated independently from the others. We focus on polarization effects, induced by the introduction of a third option to the choice set and the framing of the third option as the default option. The results confirmed these effects. We discuss how discounting models must be replaced by other models, in which people make direct comparisons between the options. The results also confirmed phenomena that until today have been accommodated by discounting models: The delay, magnitude, and sign effects.
Description
Keywords
Escolha diådica Escolha intertemporal Escolha triådica Polarização Dyadic choice Intertemporal choice Polarization Triadic choice
Citation
AnĂĄlise PsicolĂłgica, 30, 269-284
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada