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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Aquatic animals use and produce sound for
critical life functions, including reproduction. Anthropogenic
noise is recognized as a global source of
environmental pollution and adequate conservation and
management strategies are urgently needed. It becomes
therefore critical to identify the reproductive traits that
render a species vulnerable to acoustic disturbances,
and the types of anthropogenic noise that are most
likely to impact reproduction. Here, we provide
predictions about noise impact on fish reproduction
following a two-step approach: first, we grouped
documented effects of noise into three mechanistic
categories: stress, masking and hearing-loss, and test
which type of noise (continuous vs intermittent and
regular vs irregular) was most likely to produce a
significant response in each category with either ametaanalysis
or a quantitative review, depending on data
availability. Second, we reviewed existing literature to
predictwhich reproductive traits would render fish most
sensitive to stress, masking and hearing-loss. In step
one, we concluded that continuous sounds with irregular
amplitude and/or frequency-content (e.g. heavy
ship traffic) were most likely to cause stress, and
continuous sounds were also most likely to induce
masking and hearing-loss. From step two we concluded
that the vulnerability of a species to noise-induced
stress will mainly depend on: (1) its potential to
reallocate reproduction to more quiet times or locations,
and (2) its vulnerability to masking and hearing-loss
mainly on the function of sound communication in its
reproductive behaviour. We discuss in which stages of
reproduction fish are most likely to be vulnerable to
anthropogenic noise based on these findings.
Description
Keywords
Citation
Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries Doi: 10.1007/s11160-020-09598-9
Publisher
Kluwer Academic Publishers