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Publication
A empatia dos agressores, vítimas e observadores de Cyberbullying e o papel do sexo em jovens portugueses
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A tecnologia faz cada vez mais parte do quotidiano, o que pode acarretar riscos
para a saúde mental dos jovens. Um desses riscos é a exposição ao cyberbullying numa
fase do desenvolvimento onde se testam as competências sociais no grupo de pares. O
objetivo principal deste estudo é compreender se o nível de empatia varia em função do
agente de Cyberbullying (agressor, vítima, espetadores), e se o sexo interage com o tipo
de agente de cyberbullying nos níveis de empatia. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de cariz
quantitativo, com recolha de dados por conveniência, online. A amostra é constituída por
jovens portugueses entre os 18-30 anos. O cyberbullying foi avaliado através de dois
questionários: Questionário de Cyberbullying (CQ_A) (Pinto & Cunha, 2011) e o
Questionário de Cyberbullying-vitimização (CBQ-V) (Pinto & Cunha, 2011). A
“empatia” foi medida através da Escala de Empatia Básica (BES) (Pechorro, et al., 2018).
Os resultados revelam que existem diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os
agentes de Cyberbullying em todas as escalas e subescalas de empatia sendo que as
vítimas têm valores mais altos de empatia. Demonstram, ainda, que não existiu uma
interação estatisticamente significativa entre o sexo e o tipo de agente de cyberbullying
nos níveis de empatia. Por fim, os resultados apontam para a necessidade de se apostar
em programas de promoção do uso saudável e ciberseguro da tecnologia, de forma a
reduzir os fenómenos associados ao cyberbullying e promover a mudança de
comportamentos de risco para o desenvolvimento saudável e para a segurança no contacto
com o mundo online.
ABSTRACT: Technology is increasingly becoming a part of everyday life, which can pose risks to the mental health of young people. One of these risks is exposure to cyberbullying during a developmental phase where social skills are tested within peer groups. The main objective of this study is to understand whether the level of empathy varies based on the cyberbullying agent (aggressor, victim, bystanders), and whether gender interacts with the type of cyberbullying agent in empathy levels. A quantitative methodology was employed, with data collection conducted conveniently online. The sample consists of Portuguese young people aged 18-30 years. Cyberbullying was assessed using two questionnaires: cyberbullying Questionnaire (CQ_A) (Pinto & Cunha, 2011) and cyberbullying-victimization Questionnaire (CBQ-V) (Pinto & Cunha, 2011). "Empathy" was measured using the Basic Empathy Scale (BES) (Pechorro, et al., 2018). The results reveal statistically significant differences among Cyberbullying agents in all empathy scales and subscales, with victims exhibiting higher empathy values. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that there was no statistically significant interaction between gender and the type of cyberbullying agent in empathy levels. Ultimately, the results highlight the need to invest in programs promoting healthy and cyber-secure technology use, aiming to reduce phenomena associated with cyberbullying and foster behavioral change for healthy development and safety in online interactions.
ABSTRACT: Technology is increasingly becoming a part of everyday life, which can pose risks to the mental health of young people. One of these risks is exposure to cyberbullying during a developmental phase where social skills are tested within peer groups. The main objective of this study is to understand whether the level of empathy varies based on the cyberbullying agent (aggressor, victim, bystanders), and whether gender interacts with the type of cyberbullying agent in empathy levels. A quantitative methodology was employed, with data collection conducted conveniently online. The sample consists of Portuguese young people aged 18-30 years. Cyberbullying was assessed using two questionnaires: cyberbullying Questionnaire (CQ_A) (Pinto & Cunha, 2011) and cyberbullying-victimization Questionnaire (CBQ-V) (Pinto & Cunha, 2011). "Empathy" was measured using the Basic Empathy Scale (BES) (Pechorro, et al., 2018). The results reveal statistically significant differences among Cyberbullying agents in all empathy scales and subscales, with victims exhibiting higher empathy values. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that there was no statistically significant interaction between gender and the type of cyberbullying agent in empathy levels. Ultimately, the results highlight the need to invest in programs promoting healthy and cyber-secure technology use, aiming to reduce phenomena associated with cyberbullying and foster behavioral change for healthy development and safety in online interactions.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação
de Professora Doutora Ivone Patrão apresentada no
Ispa – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de
grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia da Saúde.
Keywords
Empatia Cyberbullying Agentes de cyberbulyying Jovens Empathy Cyberbullying Cyberbullying agents Youth