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Ser ou não ser transfóbico, eis a questão: estereótipos de género e atitudes transfóbicas.
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Objetivo: O presente estudo apresenta como principal objetivo perceber a atitude da população portuguesa face a pessoas Transgénero, compreender a relação entre Estereótipos de Género e o Generismo e Transfobia, tendo em conta diversas variáveis ociodemográficas (idade, sexo, orientação sexual, habilitações e identificação religiosa).
Método: Para compreender tal relação, os participantes, adultos portugueses (N=802), foram inquiridos, com uma escala de Estereótipos de Género e uma escala de Generismo e Transfobia sobre a sua atitude face a pessoas Transgénero e sobre os Estereótipos de
Género que reconheciam ter face à caracterização de traços femininos” e traços “masculinos”. Resultados: A atitude observada apresentou baixos níveis de Transfobia e observou-se uma perceção elevada de Estereótipos de Género. Para além disso, verificou-se uma correlação positiva entre Estereótipos de Género e Generismo e
Transfobia, indicando que a existência de mais Estereótipos de Género está associada a uma atitude mais Transfóbica. Observou-se que homens, pessoas heterossexuais, pessoas de maior idade, com menos habilitações académicas e pessoas com afiliações religiosas tendem a apresentar uma atitude mais negativa face à comunidade transgénero.
Conclusão: Este estudo permitiu observar a relação existente entre Estereótipos de Género e Generismo e Transfobia, foi também observado que a atitude da presente amostra é pouco transfóbica face ao expectável e foi possível observar que o sexo, a idade, a orientação sexual, as habilitações académicas e a identificação religiosa impactam a existência de uma atitude transfóbica.
Objective: The main goal of this study is to understand the attitudes of the Portuguese population towards transgender people, to understand the relationship between gender stereotypes, genderism, and transphobia, taking into account various sociodemographic variables (age, gender, sexual orientation, level of education, and religious identification). Method: To understand this relationship, participants, Portuguese adults (N=802), were asked about their attitude towards transgender people and about the gender stereotypes they recognized in relation to the characterization of “feminine” and “masculine” traits, with the use of a scale of Gender Stereotypes and a scale of Genderism and Transphobia. Results: It was observed low levels of transphobic attitudes and an elevated perception of Gender Stereotypes. In addition, a positive correlation was found between Gender Stereotypes and Genderism and Transphobia, indicating that the existence of more Gender Stereotypes is associated with a more Transphobic Attitude. It was observed that men, heterosexual people, older people, people with lower educational qualifications, and people with religious affiliations have a more negative attitude towards the transgender community. Conclusion: This study allowed us to observe the relationship between gender stereotypes and Generism and Transphobia. It was also observed that the attitude of the present sample is less transphobic than expected, and it was possible to observe that gender, age, sexual orientation, academic qualifications, and religious identification impact the existence of a transphobic attitude.
Objective: The main goal of this study is to understand the attitudes of the Portuguese population towards transgender people, to understand the relationship between gender stereotypes, genderism, and transphobia, taking into account various sociodemographic variables (age, gender, sexual orientation, level of education, and religious identification). Method: To understand this relationship, participants, Portuguese adults (N=802), were asked about their attitude towards transgender people and about the gender stereotypes they recognized in relation to the characterization of “feminine” and “masculine” traits, with the use of a scale of Gender Stereotypes and a scale of Genderism and Transphobia. Results: It was observed low levels of transphobic attitudes and an elevated perception of Gender Stereotypes. In addition, a positive correlation was found between Gender Stereotypes and Genderism and Transphobia, indicating that the existence of more Gender Stereotypes is associated with a more Transphobic Attitude. It was observed that men, heterosexual people, older people, people with lower educational qualifications, and people with religious affiliations have a more negative attitude towards the transgender community. Conclusion: This study allowed us to observe the relationship between gender stereotypes and Generism and Transphobia. It was also observed that the attitude of the present sample is less transphobic than expected, and it was possible to observe that gender, age, sexual orientation, academic qualifications, and religious identification impact the existence of a transphobic attitude.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Transgénero Transfobia Generismo Estereótipos de género Atitudes. Transgender Transphobic Genderism Gender stereothypes Attitudes