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O impacto da relação entre job crafting e autoeficácia sobre o bem-estar dos guardas prisionais portugueses.
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O presente estudo investigou de que forma a autoeficácia e o job crafting influenciam o bem-estar afetivo no trabalho dos guardas prisionais portugueses. A pertinência da investigação é extrema, visto que a categoria profissional de guarda prisional em Portugal é
reconhecida mundialmente como uma das atividades ocupacionais mais exigências, apresentando um elevado risco para a saúde mental e física dos profissionais. O estudo propõe-se a identificar a autoeficácia e o job crafting como recursos pessoais que podem
mitigar este impacto negativo. O estudo adotou uma abordagem quantitativa e exploratória para testar as hipóteses propostas, incluindo um modelo de mediação. A amostra utilizada foi
não probabilística por conveniência e consistiu em 93 guardas prisionais portugueses de diversos estabelecimentos prisionais. As variáveis foram medidas por instrumentos validados:
a Escala de Bem Afetivo no Trabalho para o bem-estar afetivo no trabalho, a Escala de Autoeficácia Geral (EAG) para a autoeficácia e o Job Crafting Questionnaire para o job crafting. As relações diretas foram testadas através de Correlações de Pearson, e o efeito
mediador da autoeficácia foi examinado recorrendo ao Modelo 4 da macro PROCESS, utilizando 5000 reamostragens bootstrapping. Os guardas prisionais da amostra apresentaram níveis médios de autoeficácia, job crafting e bem-estar ocupacional, os testes de correlação foram estatisticamente significativos e positivos, sustentando as H1, H2 e H3. Verificou-se que a autoeficácia se correlaciona positivamente com o job crafting (r = .344, p = < .001), e
que ambos predizem níveis superiores de bem-estar afetivo no trabalho. No caso da mediação, não se verificou um efeito da mediação da autoeficácia na relação entre o job crafting e o bem-estar, uma vez que o efeito indireto não foi estatisticamente diferente de 0. O estudo destaca a importância dos recursos pessoais e das práticas de redesenho do trabalho para promover o bem-estar num contexto profissional altamente exigente. A inexistência da mediação (H4) sugere que, no ambiente prisional, a força do contexto (exigências externas e conflito de papéis) pode ser tão dominante que o efeito mediado pela autoeficácia não se manifeste estatisticamente, deixando as relações diretas como os caminhos primários. Os
resultados contribuirão para o desenvolvimento de estratégias de promoção da saúde mental no sistema prisional português.
This study examined how self-efficacy and job crafting influence affective well-being at work among Portuguese prison officers. The research addresses a professional category recognized globally as onde of the most demanding, posing a high risk to the mental and physical health of professionals due to inherent dangers, role conflict (security vs. rehabilitation), and constant exposure to high tension contexts. The study aimed to assess the role of theses personal resources in mitigating these severe occupational demands. A quantitive and exploratory approach was employed, using a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 93 Portuguese prison officers from several correctional facilities. Data were collected using the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Job Crafting Questionnaire, and the Scale of Affective Well-being at Work. Direct relationships were testes using Pearson correlations, and mediation analysis (H4) was performed using PROCESS macro Model 4. With 5000 bootstraps pre-samples. The sample reported medium levels of self-efficacy, job crafting and occupational well-being. Findings showed positive correlations between self-efficacy and job crafting (r = .344, p < .001), and both variables predicted higher levels of well-being. Hypotheses H1, H2 and H3 were thus supported. The results reinforce the relevance of personal resources and proactive work redesign (Job crafting) in promoting well-being in this highly demanding professional context. The lack of a mediation effect suggests that, in the prison environment characterized by extreme demands, the contextual force may be highly influential, preventing the indirect pathway via individual belief from reaching statistical significance. The finding contribute to the development of mental health promotion strategies within the Portuguese prison system. The sample consisted of 93 officers from several correctional facilities. Findings showed positive correlations between self-efficacy and job crafting, and both variables predicted higher levels of well-being. However, self-efficacy did not mediate the relationship between job crafting and well-being. The results reinforce the relevance of personal resources and proactive work redesign in promoting well-being in a highly demanding professional context.
This study examined how self-efficacy and job crafting influence affective well-being at work among Portuguese prison officers. The research addresses a professional category recognized globally as onde of the most demanding, posing a high risk to the mental and physical health of professionals due to inherent dangers, role conflict (security vs. rehabilitation), and constant exposure to high tension contexts. The study aimed to assess the role of theses personal resources in mitigating these severe occupational demands. A quantitive and exploratory approach was employed, using a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 93 Portuguese prison officers from several correctional facilities. Data were collected using the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Job Crafting Questionnaire, and the Scale of Affective Well-being at Work. Direct relationships were testes using Pearson correlations, and mediation analysis (H4) was performed using PROCESS macro Model 4. With 5000 bootstraps pre-samples. The sample reported medium levels of self-efficacy, job crafting and occupational well-being. Findings showed positive correlations between self-efficacy and job crafting (r = .344, p < .001), and both variables predicted higher levels of well-being. Hypotheses H1, H2 and H3 were thus supported. The results reinforce the relevance of personal resources and proactive work redesign (Job crafting) in promoting well-being in this highly demanding professional context. The lack of a mediation effect suggests that, in the prison environment characterized by extreme demands, the contextual force may be highly influential, preventing the indirect pathway via individual belief from reaching statistical significance. The finding contribute to the development of mental health promotion strategies within the Portuguese prison system. The sample consisted of 93 officers from several correctional facilities. Findings showed positive correlations between self-efficacy and job crafting, and both variables predicted higher levels of well-being. However, self-efficacy did not mediate the relationship between job crafting and well-being. The results reinforce the relevance of personal resources and proactive work redesign in promoting well-being in a highly demanding professional context.
Descrição
Dissertação apresentada no Ispa - Instituto Universitário, para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Psicologia Especialidade em Psicologia Forense
Palavras-chave
Autoeficácia Redesenho do trabalho Job crafting Bem-estar afetivo no trabalho bem-estar Job Crafting Self efficacy Wellbeing Affective wellbeing at work