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Publication
Consumo de substâncias psicoactivas na adolescência: que efeitos na auto-estima e ideação suicida
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente estudo tem por objectivo averiguar se o consumo de substâncias psicoactivas potenciam uma baixa auto-estima e o aumento do risco de suicídio. Devido à dificuldade, por razões óbvias, de medir esta última variável, recorreu-se ao constructo da ideação suicida, como factor preditor do risco de suicido. Através de uma investigação observacional analítico-tranversal, procurou-se perceber de que forma estas variáveis se influenciam mutuamente, confirmando ou refutando alguns trabalhos já realizados. Para tal utilizou-se uma amostra não clínica e não probabilística, constituída por 91 adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e os 19 anos, pertencentes a uma escola profissional da cidade de Lisboa. Foram aplicados os seguintes instrumentos: o Inquérito Europeu Sobre o Consumo de Álcool e Outras Drogas em Meio Escolar (Chitas, 2006) uma adaptação do projecto ESPAD – Europeen School Survey Project on Alcohool and Other Dugs (Pompidou Group, 2003) (este submetido a pré-teste), a Escala de Auto-estima de Rosenberg (Shahani, Dipboye & Philips, 1990) e o Questionário de Ideação Suicida (Q.I.S.) (Ferreira & Castela, 1999). Foi usado um nível de significância de 95%, recomendado para as Ciências Sociais. Conclui-se que existe uma relação significativa entre o consumo de tabaco e drogas (cannabis) e a ideação suicida, não se tendo verificado o mesmo para o álcool. Igualmente verifica-se correlação significativa e negativa entre a auto-estima e a ideação suicida. Relativamente à relação entre a auto-estima e o consumo de substâncias psicoactivas, não se mostrou significativa, o que poderá indicar que os consumos na adolescência poderão funcionar como tentativa de manutenção da auto-estima.
ABSTRACT------The present study has for aim to inquire if the consumption of psychoactive substances increases a low self-esteem and the risk of suicide. Due to difficulty, for obvious reasons, to measure this last variable, we will appeal to the conceit of the suicidal ideation, as a preditor factor of the risk of suicide Through an observacional analytical-transversal investigation, we tried to understand in what forms these variables mutually influence each other, confirming or refuting some carried through works. For that it was used a non clinical and not probabilistic sample, consisted by 91 adolescents with ages understood between the 14 and 19 years, pertaining to a professional school of the city of Lisbon. The following instruments had been applied: the Inquérito Europeu Sobre o Consumo de Álcool e Outras Drogas em Meio Escolar (Chitas, 2006) an adaptation of the project ESPAD - Europeen School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Dugs (Pompidou Group, 2003) (this submitted to a pre-test), Escala de auto-estima de Rosenberg (Shahani, Dipboye & Philips, 1990) and the Questionário de Ideação Suicida (Q.I.S.) (Ferreira & Castela, 1999). A level of significance of 95% was used, as recommended for Social Sciences. We concluded that exists a significant relation between the tobacco and drugs (cannabis) consumption and the suicidal ideation, witch we haven't verified for the alcohol. Equally significant and negative correlation was verified between self-esteem and suicidal ideation. Relatively to the relation between self-esteem and the consumption of psychoactive substances, this one didn’t show significant, that probably indicates that the consumptions in the adolescence maybe function as attempt of maintenance of the self-esteem.
ABSTRACT------The present study has for aim to inquire if the consumption of psychoactive substances increases a low self-esteem and the risk of suicide. Due to difficulty, for obvious reasons, to measure this last variable, we will appeal to the conceit of the suicidal ideation, as a preditor factor of the risk of suicide Through an observacional analytical-transversal investigation, we tried to understand in what forms these variables mutually influence each other, confirming or refuting some carried through works. For that it was used a non clinical and not probabilistic sample, consisted by 91 adolescents with ages understood between the 14 and 19 years, pertaining to a professional school of the city of Lisbon. The following instruments had been applied: the Inquérito Europeu Sobre o Consumo de Álcool e Outras Drogas em Meio Escolar (Chitas, 2006) an adaptation of the project ESPAD - Europeen School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Dugs (Pompidou Group, 2003) (this submitted to a pre-test), Escala de auto-estima de Rosenberg (Shahani, Dipboye & Philips, 1990) and the Questionário de Ideação Suicida (Q.I.S.) (Ferreira & Castela, 1999). A level of significance of 95% was used, as recommended for Social Sciences. We concluded that exists a significant relation between the tobacco and drugs (cannabis) consumption and the suicidal ideation, witch we haven't verified for the alcohol. Equally significant and negative correlation was verified between self-esteem and suicidal ideation. Relatively to the relation between self-esteem and the consumption of psychoactive substances, this one didn’t show significant, that probably indicates that the consumptions in the adolescence maybe function as attempt of maintenance of the self-esteem.
Description
Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
auto-estima Substâncias psicoactivas Adolescência Comportamentos de risco Ideação suicida Self-esteem Psychoactive substances Adolescence Risk behavior Suicidal ideation