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Comportamento de partilha das crianças : estudo da sua relação com a empatia e com os valores dos pais
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Abstract(s)
O comportamento pró-social tem sido amplamente estudado ao longo dos anos, em diversas fases do desenvolvimento, havendo algumas contradições na literatura. Neste estudo, o foco vai para o comportamento de partilha e o objetivo foi perceber se características individuais das crianças, como a empatia, e características dos cuidadores principais, como os valores dos seus pais, estão relacionadas com o seu comportamento de partilha. Participaram neste estudo trinta e duas crianças e os seus respetivos pais, sendo que apenas um dos progenitores respondeu ao questionário solicitado. O comportamento de partilha foi avaliado através do Jogo do Ditador (Kahneman et al., 1986), numa versão utilizada por Malti e colaboradores (2016). Para avaliar os valores dos pais, usou-se a Escala de Valores Humanos de Schwartz (2003) e para a empatia a Parents’ (or Teachers’) Reports of Children’s Sympathy/Empathy (Zhou, Valiente & Eisenberg, 2003). No seu conjunto, os resultados obtidos não sustentaram as hipóteses deste estudo, demonstrando que o comportamento de partilha nas crianças pode ser mais influenciado por uma série de outros fatores distintos dos que aqui se apresentam.
Prosocial behavior has been widely studied over the years, at different stages of development, however there are some contradictions in the literature. In this study, the focus goes to the sharing behavior and the goal was to understand whether individual characteristics of children, like empathy, and characteristics of the primary caregivers, like their parents’ values, are related to their sharing behavior. Thirty-two children and their respective parents participated in this study, with only one parent responding to the requested questionnaire. The sharing behavior was assessed using the Dictator Game (Kahneman et al., 1986), in a version used by Malti and collaborators (2016). To assess parents’ values, Schwartz’s (2003) Human Values Scale was used, and for empathy the Parents’ (or Teachers’) Reports of Children’s Sympathy/Empathy (Zhou, Valiente & Eisenberg, 2003). Taken together, the obtained results did not support the hypotheses of this study, which demonstrates that sharing behavior in children can be more influenced by a number of other factors distinct from those presented here.
Prosocial behavior has been widely studied over the years, at different stages of development, however there are some contradictions in the literature. In this study, the focus goes to the sharing behavior and the goal was to understand whether individual characteristics of children, like empathy, and characteristics of the primary caregivers, like their parents’ values, are related to their sharing behavior. Thirty-two children and their respective parents participated in this study, with only one parent responding to the requested questionnaire. The sharing behavior was assessed using the Dictator Game (Kahneman et al., 1986), in a version used by Malti and collaborators (2016). To assess parents’ values, Schwartz’s (2003) Human Values Scale was used, and for empathy the Parents’ (or Teachers’) Reports of Children’s Sympathy/Empathy (Zhou, Valiente & Eisenberg, 2003). Taken together, the obtained results did not support the hypotheses of this study, which demonstrates that sharing behavior in children can be more influenced by a number of other factors distinct from those presented here.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sapresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Comportamento pró-social Partilha Empatia Valores Prosocial Behavior Sharing Empathy Values