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Publication
Menino ou menina: um estudo sobre o género em crianças
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
género na infância encontra-se no seu auge de desenvolvimento, pois é nesta fase
que as crianças se começam a diferenciar. Diferenciação essa que advém, principalmente, dos
papéis sociais que lhe são atribuídos. O género não é um produto acabado ao nascimento. O
género ultrapassa as identidades que vão sendo sentidas pelos próprios sujeitos, pois a
sociedade (a família, a creche, a escola) também expressa relações de género, podendo assim
existir conflito entre estas duas. Assim, as crianças vão sendo socializadas através de relações
subjetivas e objetivas que são pensadas de acordo com aquilo que devem seguir tendo em
conta o seu sexo.
O presente estudo pretende compreender como o género é desenvolvido em diversas
idades durante a infância. 24 crianças foram participantes neste estudo, sendo que 17 são do
sexo feminino e sete do sexo masculino, tendo idades compreendidas entre os três e os seis
anos de idade.
O instrumento utilizado foi a Entrevista semi-estruturada e o desenho. A sua aplicação
resultou na obtenção de uma grande diversidade de respostas, sendo que, igualmente no
desenho, se obteve uma vasta expressão acerca de como os meninos e as meninas são vistos
pelas crianças. Estes foram analisados individualmente e em conjunto dentro da sua faixa
etária e do seu sexo.
Os resultados revelam que todas as crianças referiram que o seu género é equivalente
ao seu sexo. Embora nos desenhos se denotem algumas diferenças, em entrevista não surgiu
nenhuma hesitação face ao género. Desta forma, dentro das suas faixas etárias, todas as
crianças vão de encontro ao encontrado na literatura.
O presente estudo foi enriquecedor, permitindo uma melhor compreensão da criança e
da sua identificação com o género em diferentes idades. O presente estudo contribuiu para o
desenvolvimento e reflexão acerca da conceção de género e da relação estabelecida entre o
eu-género e outro-género.
Gender in childhood is at its peak of development because it’s at this stage that children begin to differentiate. This differentiation comes mainly from the social roles assigned to it. Gender is not a finished product at birth. Gender transcends the identities that are felt by the subjects themselves, since society (family, day care, school) also expresses gender relations, so there may be conflictual between the two. Thus, children are being socialized through subjective and objective relatioships that are thought according to what they should continue taking into account their gender. The presente study aims to understand gender and how it’s developed at various ages during childhood. 24 children were participants in this study, with 17 being female and seven male, ranging from three to six yeas of age. The method used was the semi-structured interview and the drawing. Its application resulted in obtaining a great diversity of answers, being that, also in the drawing, a vast amount was obtained about how boys and girls are seen by children. These were analyzed individually and jointly within their age group and of their sex. The results show that all children reported that their gender is equivalente to their sex. Although in the drawings some diferences are denoted, however in the interviews there was no hesitation with the gender arose. Thus, within their age groups, all children are in agreement with the literature. The presente study was enriching, allowing a better understanding of the child and its identification with the gender ate different ages. The presente study contributed to the development and reflection of gender
Gender in childhood is at its peak of development because it’s at this stage that children begin to differentiate. This differentiation comes mainly from the social roles assigned to it. Gender is not a finished product at birth. Gender transcends the identities that are felt by the subjects themselves, since society (family, day care, school) also expresses gender relations, so there may be conflictual between the two. Thus, children are being socialized through subjective and objective relatioships that are thought according to what they should continue taking into account their gender. The presente study aims to understand gender and how it’s developed at various ages during childhood. 24 children were participants in this study, with 17 being female and seven male, ranging from three to six yeas of age. The method used was the semi-structured interview and the drawing. Its application resulted in obtaining a great diversity of answers, being that, also in the drawing, a vast amount was obtained about how boys and girls are seen by children. These were analyzed individually and jointly within their age group and of their sex. The results show that all children reported that their gender is equivalente to their sex. Although in the drawings some diferences are denoted, however in the interviews there was no hesitation with the gender arose. Thus, within their age groups, all children are in agreement with the literature. The presente study was enriching, allowing a better understanding of the child and its identification with the gender ate different ages. The presente study contributed to the development and reflection of gender
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto
Universitário de Ciências Psicológicas,
Sociais e da Vida para obtenção do grau
de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia
Clínica.
Keywords
Género Infância Diferenciação Bissexualidade Gender Childhood Differentiation Bisexuality