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Publication
Falta : Luto desautorizado em tempos de pandemia
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O luto desautorizado, proposto por Kenneth Doka, caracteriza-se pela percepção da pessoa enlutada, da falta de reconhecimento ou legitimação, dos pares ou comunidade, pela perda e suas manifestações. Este estudo qualitativo procura compreender qual o impacto de perder um ente querido durante o Estado de Emergência em Portugal devido à pandemia Covid-19, e também tentar perceber a experiência à luz do conceito de luto desautorizado. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com oito pessoas que tinham perdido entes queridos da sua família imediata. As entrevistas foram analisadas através de uma análise temática. Os resultados indicaram dois factores essenciais para o processo de luto dos participantes: a) o contacto impedido com os entes queridos quando estes se encontravam doentes e hospitalizados, e b) a falta de acesso ao corpo após o falecimento, que incluía proibição de exéquias. Tudo isto foi percebido como actos danosos e desrespeitosos, por parte do Estado. Esta falta de reconhecimento e legitimização do sofrimento enquadram-se no conceito de luto desautorizado e são importantes para compreender a ocorrência de luto complicado/persistente durante a pandemia. Estas experiências podem constituir-se como factores que atrasam e interferem num processo de luto saudável. Esta investigação aponta para a necessidade de reenquadrar as razões de um luto menos normativo como não sendo exclusivamente internas, dada a conjuntura restritiva em que as perdas ocorreram. Sobretudo, quando a pandemia Covid-19 é uma questão de saúde pública mundial.
Disenfranchised grief, a concept proposed and developed by Kenneth Doka, is identified mainly by how a bereaved person perceives that the loss of a loved one and its manifestations aren't being acknowledged or seen as legitimate, by that person's peers or community. This qualitative study aims to understand the impact of losing a loved one during the State of Emergency decreed in Portugal due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and also how that experience is framed, as per the concept of disenfranchised grief, as put forward initially. Semi-structured interviews were done with eight participants, all of which had lost members of their immediate family. The interviews were analysed thematically. The results showed two factors that were essential for the participants' grieving process: a) the halted and forbidden contact with the loved ones while sick and in hospital, and b) the lack of access to the body of the deceased, which included the ban of funeral rites. All this was perceived as damaging and disrespectful State-sanctioned acts. This lack of acknowledgment and legitimacy of the suffering are criteria that fit the concept of disenfranchised grief and are important when understanding the occurrence of prolonged grief in pandemic times. These experiences are factors that may delay and interfering with a healthy grief process. This study points towards the need to reframe the reasons of a less ordinary grief as not exclusively internal, considering the restrictive circumstances under which the losses took place. Especially when Covid-19 pandemic is a worldwide public health issue.
Disenfranchised grief, a concept proposed and developed by Kenneth Doka, is identified mainly by how a bereaved person perceives that the loss of a loved one and its manifestations aren't being acknowledged or seen as legitimate, by that person's peers or community. This qualitative study aims to understand the impact of losing a loved one during the State of Emergency decreed in Portugal due to the Covid-19 pandemic, and also how that experience is framed, as per the concept of disenfranchised grief, as put forward initially. Semi-structured interviews were done with eight participants, all of which had lost members of their immediate family. The interviews were analysed thematically. The results showed two factors that were essential for the participants' grieving process: a) the halted and forbidden contact with the loved ones while sick and in hospital, and b) the lack of access to the body of the deceased, which included the ban of funeral rites. All this was perceived as damaging and disrespectful State-sanctioned acts. This lack of acknowledgment and legitimacy of the suffering are criteria that fit the concept of disenfranchised grief and are important when understanding the occurrence of prolonged grief in pandemic times. These experiences are factors that may delay and interfering with a healthy grief process. This study points towards the need to reframe the reasons of a less ordinary grief as not exclusively internal, considering the restrictive circumstances under which the losses took place. Especially when Covid-19 pandemic is a worldwide public health issue.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário, para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clinica
Keywords
Covid-19 Luto Luto desautorizado Pandemia Portugal Bereavement Disenfranchised grief Grief Mourning