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A qualidade das relações de amizade na adolescência e suas implicações ao nível do autoconceito e da auto-estima
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Abstract(s)
A presente investigação tem a preocupação de estudar como a experiência social afeta a construção da identidade no período da adolescência. Neste sentido, tem como principal objetivo analisar se existe uma relação entre a qualidade das relações de amizade que os adolescentes estabelecem em contexto escolar e as suas perceções ao nível do autoconceito e da auto-estima. Tem ainda como objetivo específico investigar diferenças de género relativamente às variáveis em estudo.
Para responder aos objetivos do estudo, foi desenvolvida uma investigação quantitativa, descritiva e correlacional, que contou com a participação de 265 alunos, de ambos os sexos, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e os 15 anos, a frequentar o 8º ano de escolaridade em várias instituições educativas da região de Lisboa.
Para se avaliar a perceção dos alunos relativamente à qualidade da relação de amizade, às suas competências em diversos domínios e à sua auto-estima utilizaram-se dois questionários distintos, adaptados e validados à população portuguesa.
Os resultados fornecem alguma evidência de que a qualidade da amizade está relacionada com algumas dimensões do autoconceito e com a auto-estima dos adolescentes. Adicionalmente verificou-se que as raparigas percecionam ter amizades de maior qualidade, têm auto-perceções mais positivas no estabelecimento e manutenção de amizades íntimas e dão maior importância a esta dimensão comparativamente aos rapazes.
Algumas implicações teóricas e educacionais dos resultados são discutidas no final do trabalho.
ABSTRACT: This research is concerned with studying how social experience affects the construction of identity during adolescence. In this sense, the main objective is to analyze whether there is a relationship between the quality of friendships that teenagers set in school context and their perceptions of the level of self-concept and self-esteem. It also has the specific objective to investigate gender differences for the variables under study. To meet the goals of the study, we developed a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, which saw the participation of 265 students, of both sexes, aged between 12 and 15 years, attending the 8th grade in various educational institutions in the Lisbon region. To evaluate the perception of the students regarding the quality of the relationship of friendship, their skills in various fields and their self-esteem two separate questionnaires were used, adapted and validated for the Portuguese population. The results provide some evidence that the quality of friendship is related to some dimensions of self-concept and self-esteem of adolescentes. Additionally it was found that the girls perceive have higher quality friendships, have more positive self-perceptions in the establishment and maintenance of close friendships and give greater importance to this dimension compared to boys. Some theoretical and educational implications of the results are discussed at the end of the work.
ABSTRACT: This research is concerned with studying how social experience affects the construction of identity during adolescence. In this sense, the main objective is to analyze whether there is a relationship between the quality of friendships that teenagers set in school context and their perceptions of the level of self-concept and self-esteem. It also has the specific objective to investigate gender differences for the variables under study. To meet the goals of the study, we developed a quantitative, descriptive, correlational, which saw the participation of 265 students, of both sexes, aged between 12 and 15 years, attending the 8th grade in various educational institutions in the Lisbon region. To evaluate the perception of the students regarding the quality of the relationship of friendship, their skills in various fields and their self-esteem two separate questionnaires were used, adapted and validated for the Portuguese population. The results provide some evidence that the quality of friendship is related to some dimensions of self-concept and self-esteem of adolescentes. Additionally it was found that the girls perceive have higher quality friendships, have more positive self-perceptions in the establishment and maintenance of close friendships and give greater importance to this dimension compared to boys. Some theoretical and educational implications of the results are discussed at the end of the work.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Educacional, apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Qualidade da amizade Autoconceito Auto-estima Adolescência Friendship quality Self-concept Self-esteem Adolescence