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Atitudes dos profissionais de saúde portugueses na psicoterapia assistida por MDMA
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A psicoterapia assistida por MDMA encontra-se legalizada, por prescrição médica,
na Austrália para a perturbação de stress pós-traumático e está em fase III de testes nos
EUA, com uma possível flexibilização das leis na Europa num futuro próximo. Deste
modo, é fundamental que os profissionais de saúde mental se mantenham atualizados para
fornecerem informações atualizadas e rigorosas aos seus pacientes. Neste sentido, este
estudo exploratório transversal teve como objetivo principal avaliar as perceções e
conhecimentos dos profissionais de saúde mental portugueses acerca da psicoterapia
assistida por MDMA.
Aplicou-se um inquérito online respondido por 166 participantes (M Idade = 38
anos; DP = 11,51; 67,3% mulheres). Dos participantes, 27% demonstraram bons
conhecimentos sobre o tema, 59% mostraram-se favoráveis à sua utilização com os seus
pacientes e 57% apoiaram a legalização para fins médicos, sendo considerado um
tratamento promissor por 54% dos indivíduos. Adicionalmente, verificou-se que o género
masculino apresentou maior conhecimento sobre a temática (p = .009), e os participantes
que já experienciaram psicadélicos revelaram atitudes mais positivas. Por sua vez, os
psicólogos manifestaram maior apreensão quanto à falta de profissionais especializados
(p = .016), e não se registaram diferenças significativas nas perceções em função da idade.
Este estudo identificou que, apesar das atitudes ambivalentes dos profissionais de
saúde mental portugueses sobre o uso de MDMA em psicoterapia, muitos mostraram
interesse na formação baseada em evidências científicas. As preocupações dos
profissionais derivam do desconhecimento factual sobre os efeitos da substância, e a
indecisão de vários participantes reforça a necessidade de mais formação na área da
ciência psicadélica.
ABSTRACT: MDMA-assisted psychotherapy is legalized by prescription in Australia for treating post-traumatic stress disorder and is currently in phase III trials in the United States, with potential legal reforms in Europe expected soon. Therefore, it is essential for mental health professionals to stay updated in order to provide accurate and current information to their patients. In this context, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the perceptions and knowledge of Portuguese mental health professionals regarding MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. An online survey was completed by 166 participants (M Age = 38 years; SD = 11.51; 67.3% women). Of the participants, 27% showed good knowledge of the subject, 59% were in favour of its use with their patients and 57% supported legalisation for medical purposes, with 54% considering it a promising treatment. In addition, the male gender showed greater knowledge of the subject (p = .009), and participants who had already tried psychedelics showed more positive attitudes. On the other hand, psychologists were more apprehensive about the lack of specialised professionals (p = .016), and there were no significant differences in perceptions according to age. This study found that, despite the ambivalent attitudes of Portuguese mental health professionals towards the use of MDMA in psychotherapy, many expressed interest in evidence-based training. The professionals' concerns stem from factual ignorance regarding the substance's effects, and the indecision of several participants underscores the need for further education in the field of psychedelic science.
ABSTRACT: MDMA-assisted psychotherapy is legalized by prescription in Australia for treating post-traumatic stress disorder and is currently in phase III trials in the United States, with potential legal reforms in Europe expected soon. Therefore, it is essential for mental health professionals to stay updated in order to provide accurate and current information to their patients. In this context, this cross-sectional study aimed to assess the perceptions and knowledge of Portuguese mental health professionals regarding MDMA-assisted psychotherapy. An online survey was completed by 166 participants (M Age = 38 years; SD = 11.51; 67.3% women). Of the participants, 27% showed good knowledge of the subject, 59% were in favour of its use with their patients and 57% supported legalisation for medical purposes, with 54% considering it a promising treatment. In addition, the male gender showed greater knowledge of the subject (p = .009), and participants who had already tried psychedelics showed more positive attitudes. On the other hand, psychologists were more apprehensive about the lack of specialised professionals (p = .016), and there were no significant differences in perceptions according to age. This study found that, despite the ambivalent attitudes of Portuguese mental health professionals towards the use of MDMA in psychotherapy, many expressed interest in evidence-based training. The professionals' concerns stem from factual ignorance regarding the substance's effects, and the indecision of several participants underscores the need for further education in the field of psychedelic science.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Psicoterapia psicadélica MDMA Atitudes e conhecimentos Profissionais de saúde mental Psychedelic psychotherapy Attitudes and knowledge Mental health professionals
Citation
Rodrigues, B. A.G. D. (2024). Atitudes dos profissionais de saúde portugueses na psicoterapia assistida por MDMA. [Dissertação de mestrado] Ispa - Instituto Superior