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Publication
Estudo sobre a perceção de stress e de saúde mental, estilos de coping e atitudes face à procura de apoio psicológico profissional nos adultos portugueses
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O propósito deste trabalho foi o de perscrutar o estado psicológico dos adultos
portugueses, mediante a análise da perceção de stress e da saúde mental, dos estilos de coping
e das atitudes face à procura de apoio psicológico profissional. 615 portugueses, com média de
idades de 38,75 anos (DP=14,88) completaram as escalas de stress percebido (PSS-10) e de
estilos de coping (BriefCOPE) e autoavaliaram a sua saúde mental por um único item. As
atitudes face à procura de apoio psicológico profissional foram medidas pela escala Attitude
towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help – Short Form (ATSPPH-SF), cuja adaptação
para a população portuguesa fez parte do presente estudo.
Os resultados da adaptação da ATSPPH-SF para a população portuguesa validaram a
estrutura unifatorial como medida de atitudes global, e a estrutura de dois fatores, Valor da
procura de tratamento e Abertura ao tratamento para problemas emocionais. Os portugueses
avaliaram favoravelmente o apoio psicológico profissional, principalmente as mulheres e quem
já recorreu a esse serviço; os mais jovens e sujeitos com maior nível de escolaridade dão maior
valor ao apoio psicológico profissional. Evidenciou-se uma associação negativa entre o stress
percebido e a autoavaliação da saúde mental. A grande maioria dos participantes apresentou
níveis moderados de stress e autoavaliou como positivo o seu estado psicológico. Os grupos
com valores de maior stress e saúde mental mais medíocre foram as mulheres, os mais jovens,
as pessoas com doenças graves e aqueles com apoio psicológico profissional, que também são
os que mais usam estilos de coping não adaptativos. Ainda assim, os estilos adaptativos
parecem ser mais usados, com maior recurso ao coping ativo, ao planeamento e à
reinterpretação positiva, em contraste com os menos valorados, como o uso de substâncias,
desinvestimento comportamental e a negação. Os resultados evidenciaram que os estilos de
coping são mediadores na relação entre a autoavaliação da saúde mental e o stress percebido.
Este estudo contribuiu para a literatura com a adaptação da escala de atitudes face à procura de
apoio psicológico profissional para a população geral portuguesa. Os resultados permitem
refletir sobre o estado psicológico dos portugueses, podendo repercutir-se em programas de
saúde pública direcionados para as populações identificadas como mais vulneráveis e para os
menos dispostos a ter acompanhamento psicológico profissional.
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to explore the psychological state of Portuguese adults by means of an examination of their perceptions of stress and mental health, their coping styles, and their attitudes towards seeking professional psychological assistance. A total of 615 Portuguese adults, with an average age of 38.75 (SD = 14.88), participated in this study. They completed assessments related to perceived stress (PSS-10) and coping styles (BriefCOPE). Furthermore, participants evaluated their own mental health using a single-item measure. Attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help were assessed using the Attitude towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale– Short Form (ATSPPH-SF), which adaptation for the portuguese population is part of the present research. The results of the ATSPPHS-SF’s adaptation for the portuguese population validated a unifactorial structure for measuring overall attitudes, and a two-factor structure for the dimensions of Value of treatment and Openness to seeking mental healthcare for one’s own emotional problems. Portuguese participants exhibited a positive evaluation towards professional psychological support, which was more pronounced among women and those who had previously sought such services. Additionally, younger individuals and those with higher levels of education demonstrated better appreciation for professional psychological support. A negative association was established between perceived stress and self-rated mental health. Most of the participants reported moderate stress levels and a good self-perception of their mental health. Noteworthy demographic groups exhibiting higher stress levels and poorer mental health evaluations involved women, younger individuals, individuals with severe illnesses, and those who had previously professional psychological help. This latter group also exhibited a propensity for maladaptive coping styles. Adaptive coping styles, such as active coping, planning, and positive reframing, were more adopted, contrasting with less used including substance use, behavioural disengagement, and denial. The results indicated that the repertoire of coping styles had an impact on mental health by reducing or increasing perceived stress. This study contributed to the literature with the adaptation of the scale ATSPPH-SF for the broader Portuguese population. The findings provide insights into the psychological well being of the Portuguese populace, with potential implications for public health programs that aim to assist populations identified as being more susceptible and less inclined to seek professional psychological support.
ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to explore the psychological state of Portuguese adults by means of an examination of their perceptions of stress and mental health, their coping styles, and their attitudes towards seeking professional psychological assistance. A total of 615 Portuguese adults, with an average age of 38.75 (SD = 14.88), participated in this study. They completed assessments related to perceived stress (PSS-10) and coping styles (BriefCOPE). Furthermore, participants evaluated their own mental health using a single-item measure. Attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help were assessed using the Attitude towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale– Short Form (ATSPPH-SF), which adaptation for the portuguese population is part of the present research. The results of the ATSPPHS-SF’s adaptation for the portuguese population validated a unifactorial structure for measuring overall attitudes, and a two-factor structure for the dimensions of Value of treatment and Openness to seeking mental healthcare for one’s own emotional problems. Portuguese participants exhibited a positive evaluation towards professional psychological support, which was more pronounced among women and those who had previously sought such services. Additionally, younger individuals and those with higher levels of education demonstrated better appreciation for professional psychological support. A negative association was established between perceived stress and self-rated mental health. Most of the participants reported moderate stress levels and a good self-perception of their mental health. Noteworthy demographic groups exhibiting higher stress levels and poorer mental health evaluations involved women, younger individuals, individuals with severe illnesses, and those who had previously professional psychological help. This latter group also exhibited a propensity for maladaptive coping styles. Adaptive coping styles, such as active coping, planning, and positive reframing, were more adopted, contrasting with less used including substance use, behavioural disengagement, and denial. The results indicated that the repertoire of coping styles had an impact on mental health by reducing or increasing perceived stress. This study contributed to the literature with the adaptation of the scale ATSPPH-SF for the broader Portuguese population. The findings provide insights into the psychological well being of the Portuguese populace, with potential implications for public health programs that aim to assist populations identified as being more susceptible and less inclined to seek professional psychological support.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a orientação do Professor Doutor José Luís
Pais Ribeiro, apresentada no Ispa - Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de
Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Stress Coping Procura de apoio psicológico profissional Autoavaliação da saúde mental Stress Coping Help-seeking professional psychological support Self-rated mental health