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Os hábitos de sono e o uso das tecnologias antes de dormir: Influências na saúde infantil
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Abstract(s)
Segundo a literatura, o uso das tecnologias antes de dormir pode alterar os padrões de sono induzindo a sintomas de perturbações de sono como a ansiedade e a insónia, e afetar as crianças a nível da saúde e a nível socioemocional. No presente estudo avaliou-se os hábitos de sono, a saúde e o uso de equipamentos tecnológicos antes de dormir numa amostra do 5º e 6º anos do ensino básico (N= 86, 46 raparigas). Foram aplicadas adaptações do Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-PT), do Child Health and Illness Profile , Child Edition (CHIP-CE ) e elaborado um questionário sobre o uso de Equipamentos Tecnológicos (ET). Não foram verificadas diferenças significativas em função do sexo nos questionários CHIP-CE e CSHQ-PT. No questionário de ET, os rapazes reportaram mais horas de utilização da tecnologia à noite. Não se verificaram associações significativas entre o uso das tecnologias antes de dormir, a saúde e o sono. Adormecer com a usar os equipamentos tecnológicos mostrou uma associação positiva e estatisticamente significativa com o sono (Resistência a ir para a cama; Ansiedade no sono e Escala total), tal como uma associação negativa e estatisticamente significativa com a saúde (Conforto; Evitamento de risco e Realização). A análise de variância mostrou que as crianças que “nunca” utilizavam tecnologias até adormecer tinham menores sintomas de ansiedade e total de perturbações do sono que as que “sempre” utilizavam. As crianças que “nunca” utilizavam tecnologia até adormecer obtiveram resultados superiores de Evitamento de risco que as crianças que “sempre” utilizavam.
ABSTRACT: According to the literature the use of technology before bedtime can change sleep patterns inducing symptoms of sleep disorders such as anxiety, insomnia, and affect children in terms of health and socio emotional level. In the present study we evaluated the sleep habits, health and the use of technological equipment before bedtime (N = 86, 46 girls) in a sample of the 5th and 6th years of elementary school. Adaptations of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-PT) and of the Child Health and Illness Profile, Child Edition (CHIP-CE) were administrated, and a questionnaire on the use of Technological Equipment (TE). No significant sex differences were found for the CHIP-CE and CSHQ-PT questionnaires. For the TE questionnaire, boys reported using technology during more hours at night. There were no significant associations between the use of technology before bedtime, health and sleep. However, falling asleep using a technology equipment was associated significantly and statistically positively with sleep (Bedtime Resistance; Sleep Anxiety and Total Scale), and negatively associated with health (Comfort; Risk avoidance and Achievement). The analysis of variance showed that children who "never" used technology until falling asleep had lower symptoms of anxiety and sleep disorders than those who "always" used. Children who "never" used technology until falling asleep had higher results of “Risk Avoidance” than children who "always" used.
ABSTRACT: According to the literature the use of technology before bedtime can change sleep patterns inducing symptoms of sleep disorders such as anxiety, insomnia, and affect children in terms of health and socio emotional level. In the present study we evaluated the sleep habits, health and the use of technological equipment before bedtime (N = 86, 46 girls) in a sample of the 5th and 6th years of elementary school. Adaptations of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-PT) and of the Child Health and Illness Profile, Child Edition (CHIP-CE) were administrated, and a questionnaire on the use of Technological Equipment (TE). No significant sex differences were found for the CHIP-CE and CSHQ-PT questionnaires. For the TE questionnaire, boys reported using technology during more hours at night. There were no significant associations between the use of technology before bedtime, health and sleep. However, falling asleep using a technology equipment was associated significantly and statistically positively with sleep (Bedtime Resistance; Sleep Anxiety and Total Scale), and negatively associated with health (Comfort; Risk avoidance and Achievement). The analysis of variance showed that children who "never" used technology until falling asleep had lower symptoms of anxiety and sleep disorders than those who "always" used. Children who "never" used technology until falling asleep had higher results of “Risk Avoidance” than children who "always" used.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA - Instituto Universitário, na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Hábitos de sono Saúde Uso de equipamentos tecnológicos Sleep habits Health Use of technological equipment