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Envolvimento paterno : Competência e eficácia
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Abstract(s)
O presente estudo consiste em explorar o envolvimento paterno, em crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 3 e os 5 anos. O principal objectivo é averiguar se actualmente damos conta de um pai mais envolvido e próximo dos seus filhos e se cada vez mais, existe uma partilha das tarefas parentais por ambos os pais. Compreender o papel do pai e a forma como este se percepciona em relação ao papel desempenhado e perceber se existem relações entre as variáveis do estudo, sentimento de competência e percepção de eficácia das tarefas parentais com o envolvimento paterno. O estudo analisou 507 famílias bi-parentais, com filhos a frequentar o Jardim-de-infância. A recolha dos dados foi realizada através de uma Ficha de Identificação e Caracterização Sociodemográfica e por três questionários: Escala de Envolvimento Parental, Escala de Sentimento de Competência Parental e Escala de Percepção de Eficácia das Tarefas Parentais. Quanto aos resultados, verificou-se uma partilha parental das tarefas no que diz respeito às dimensões Ensino/Disciplina, Brincadeiras e Lazer no Exterior e uma participação mais frequentemente associada à mãe em relação aos Cuidados Indirectos. Relativamente aos Cuidados Directos não se observou um claro consenso entre ambos os pais, mas aparentemente haverá uma maior tendência para uma partilha quase igualitária entre eles neste tipo de responsabilidades. Em relação à figura paterna, os resultados revelaram também uma forte associação entre a Percepção de Eficácia Parental, com o Envolvimento Parental, devido às fortes correlações entre algumas das dimensões destas duas variáveis. Porém, não se detectaram correlações significativas entre as dimensões da escala de Sentimento de Competência com as dimensões da escala do Envolvimento Parental. Neste sentido, os resultados apontam para a existência de um pai mais envolvido e próximo dos seus filhos, como também uma parentalidade maioritariamente partilhada por ambos os pais. É um pai mais presente, afectuoso, e mais interactivo, e sente-se em parte, competente e eficaz como pai.
ABSTRACT: The present study is to explore the paternal involvement in children aged between 3 and 5. The main objective is: to determine whether, at present, we notice a father more involved and closer to his children, and if there is an increase in the sharing of parental tasks by both parents; to understand the role of the father and how he perceives in relation to the role played; and to understand if there are any relationships between the study variables, feelings of competence and perceived effectiveness of parental tasks with parental involvement. The study analysed 507 two-parent families with children attending nursery schools. Th e gathering of data was carried out through an Identification Form and Socio-demographic Characterisation and three questionnaires: Parental Involvement Scale, Scale of Parental Sense of Competence and Perception Scale of Effectiveness of Parental Tasks. As for the results, the following was found: parental sharing of tasks with respect to the dimensions of Teaching/Discipline, Play and Leisure Outside and a participation more frequently associated with the mother regarding Indirect Care. Regarding Direct Care, there has not been a clear consensus between both parents, but there will apparently be a greater tendency for an almost equal share between them in this kind of responsibility. Regarding the paternal figure, the results also revealed a strong association between Perception of Parental Efficacy and Parental Involvement, due to the strong correlations between some of the dimensions of these two variables. However, there were no significant correlations between the dimensions of scale of Feeling of Competence with the dimensions of scale of Parental Involvement. In this regard, the results point to the existence of a father more involved and closer to his children, as well as a predominantly shared parenting by both parents. It is a father who is more present, affectionate, and more interactive and who, partly, feels competent and effective as a father.
ABSTRACT: The present study is to explore the paternal involvement in children aged between 3 and 5. The main objective is: to determine whether, at present, we notice a father more involved and closer to his children, and if there is an increase in the sharing of parental tasks by both parents; to understand the role of the father and how he perceives in relation to the role played; and to understand if there are any relationships between the study variables, feelings of competence and perceived effectiveness of parental tasks with parental involvement. The study analysed 507 two-parent families with children attending nursery schools. Th e gathering of data was carried out through an Identification Form and Socio-demographic Characterisation and three questionnaires: Parental Involvement Scale, Scale of Parental Sense of Competence and Perception Scale of Effectiveness of Parental Tasks. As for the results, the following was found: parental sharing of tasks with respect to the dimensions of Teaching/Discipline, Play and Leisure Outside and a participation more frequently associated with the mother regarding Indirect Care. Regarding Direct Care, there has not been a clear consensus between both parents, but there will apparently be a greater tendency for an almost equal share between them in this kind of responsibility. Regarding the paternal figure, the results also revealed a strong association between Perception of Parental Efficacy and Parental Involvement, due to the strong correlations between some of the dimensions of these two variables. However, there were no significant correlations between the dimensions of scale of Feeling of Competence with the dimensions of scale of Parental Involvement. In this regard, the results point to the existence of a father more involved and closer to his children, as well as a predominantly shared parenting by both parents. It is a father who is more present, affectionate, and more interactive and who, partly, feels competent and effective as a father.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Parentalidade Envolvimento paterno Sentimento de competência parental Eficácia parental Parenting Parental involvement Parental sense of competence Parental perception of efficacy