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Publication
Intervenção na auto-estima em crianças, através de técnicas em grupo - Estudo experimental
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A auto-estima nas crianças é um factor essencial na construção e manutenção do
bem-estar social, emocional e mental e desempenha também um papel essencial no
percurso académico e na saúde física.
Partindo deste princípio, é urgente que existam respostas no Sistema Nacional de
Saúde, que incidam sobre esta problemática, de forma a responder às necessidades da
população.
Este estudo pretende avaliar a eficácia de um programa de intervenção dirigido a
crianças dos 9 aos 11 anos de idade, com baixa auto-estima.
Foi utilizada uma amostra de 20 crianças, inscritas em escolas públicas do
distrito de Lisboa, sendo que 10 formaram o Grupo Experimental e as restantes 10
formaram o Grupo de Controlo. Ambos os grupos foram submetidos a dois momentos
de avaliação, onde também foi necessária a participação dos respectivos Encarregados
de Educação.
Entre as duas fases de avaliação, o Grupo Experimental foi submetido às sessões
do Programa em avaliação.
Foram consideradas as variáveis Depressão, Auto-Estima no Encarregado de
Educação, assim como a comparação entre Grupo de Controlo e Grupo Experimental.
Os instrumentos considerados para avaliar estas variáveis foram o Inventário de
Auto-Estima, forma escolar e forma para adultos; Inventário de Notação Social da
Família (Graffar Adaptado), Questionário Sociodemográfico e Inventário de Depressão
para Crianças.
Verificou-se diferenças nos resultados da Auto-Estima, pré e pós-teste, no Grupo
Experimental.
Entre o Grupo Experimental e o Grupo de Controlo não se verificou diferenças
nos resultados da Auto-Estima, pré e pós-teste.
Os resultados pré e pós-teste, no Grupo Experimental, mostraram existir
diferenças significativas na varável depressão.
Foi encontrada uma relação significativa entre a Auto-Estima dos participantes
do Grupo Experimental, pré-sessões, e a Auto-Estima dos respectivos Encarregados de
Educação.
ABSTRACT: Self-esteem is a key factor in building and maintaining social, emotional and mental welfare and also plays an essential role in the academic life and physical health. With this assumption, it is urgent that there are answers in the National Health System, which focus on this issue in order to meet the needs of the population. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of an intervention program targeting children from 9 to 11 years old, with low self-esteem. A sample of 20 children enrolled in public schools in the district of Lisbon was used, and 10 formed the experimental group, and the remaining 10 formed the control group. Both groups underwent two stages of evaluation, which also required the participation of their parents. Between the two evaluation phases, the experimental group was subjected to the sessions of the evaluation Program. The following variables were considered in the parent: Depression and Self-Esteem as well as a comparison between the Control Group and Experimental Group. The instruments considered to assess these variables were the Self-Esteem Inventory, school form and form for adults; Inventory of Social Notation of the Family (Adapted Graffar), Sociodemographic Questionnaire and Depression Inventory for Children (CDI). Statistically significant differences in the variable Self-Esteem, pre and posttests were completed in Experimental Group. Between the Experimental Group and Control Group were no significant differences in their pre and post-program results. The pre and post-program results, in the experimental group showed significant differences existing in depression variable. A significant relation between Self-Esteem of the participants in the experimental group, pre-sessions, and Self-Esteem of their respective Parents was found.
ABSTRACT: Self-esteem is a key factor in building and maintaining social, emotional and mental welfare and also plays an essential role in the academic life and physical health. With this assumption, it is urgent that there are answers in the National Health System, which focus on this issue in order to meet the needs of the population. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of an intervention program targeting children from 9 to 11 years old, with low self-esteem. A sample of 20 children enrolled in public schools in the district of Lisbon was used, and 10 formed the experimental group, and the remaining 10 formed the control group. Both groups underwent two stages of evaluation, which also required the participation of their parents. Between the two evaluation phases, the experimental group was subjected to the sessions of the evaluation Program. The following variables were considered in the parent: Depression and Self-Esteem as well as a comparison between the Control Group and Experimental Group. The instruments considered to assess these variables were the Self-Esteem Inventory, school form and form for adults; Inventory of Social Notation of the Family (Adapted Graffar), Sociodemographic Questionnaire and Depression Inventory for Children (CDI). Statistically significant differences in the variable Self-Esteem, pre and posttests were completed in Experimental Group. Between the Experimental Group and Control Group were no significant differences in their pre and post-program results. The pre and post-program results, in the experimental group showed significant differences existing in depression variable. A significant relation between Self-Esteem of the participants in the experimental group, pre-sessions, and Self-Esteem of their respective Parents was found.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica apresentada ao ISPA - Instituto Universitário
Keywords
Auto-estima Crianças Grupo Programa de intervenção Self-esteem Children Group Intervention program