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Publication
PhotoVoice: Experiências de estigma e crescimento póstraumático em homens com identidades sexuais não-heteronormativas que vivem com VIH
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Este estudo teve como objetivo estudar as experiências de estigma e processos
de crescimento pós-traumático numa população de homens com identidades sexuais não heteronormativas que vivem com VIH. O grupo amostral são três homens com idades
compreendidas entre os 30 e 32 anos. A metodologia Photovoice permitiu aos
participantes explorem e partilharem as suas experiências através de fotografias tiradas
por si. Foi realizada uma discussão presencial com o grupo focal, na qual foram feitas
várias questões ao grupo e apresentadas algumas das fotografias tiradas. Os dados foram
analisados através da análise temática, tendo sido identificados cinco temas. Os resultados
indicam que esta população está sujeita a um duplo estigma, devido à associação feita
entre a identidade sexual não heteronormativa e o VIH. A falta de informação da
população geral acerca do VIH mostrou ser um fator promotor de estigma. Verificou-se
que o preconceito sexual e estigma associado ao VIH se manifestam sob a forma de
rejeição nas relações familiares, românticas e/ou sexuais. Além disso, o estigma
internalizado e antecipado mostraram ser fatores determinantes na escolha da revelação
do diagnóstico de VIH. Por fim, foi possível observar evidências de crescimento pós traumático nos participantes, tendo o diagnóstico de VIH atuado como um catalisador
desses processos de crescimento. As manifestações crescimento pós-traumático
verificadas correspondiam a melhores relações interpessoais, maior sensação de força
pessoal e reconhecimento de novas possibilidades. Foi destacada a importância do suporte
social e do envolvimento comunitário no processo de crescimento pós-traumático. Este
estudo permitiu conhecer e compreender com profundidade e complexidade as
experiências de estigma desta população e de como estas podem estar associadas ao
crescimento pós-traumático.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to study the experiences of stigma and post-traumatic growth processes in a population of men with non-heteronormative sexual identities living with HIV. The sample group is three men aged between 30 and 32 years old. The Photovoice methodology allowed participants to explore and share their experiences through photographs taken by themselves. A face-to-face discussion was held with the focus group, in which the group was asked several questions and presented some of the photographs taken. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis, and five themes were identified. The results indicate that this population is subject to double stigma, due to the association made between non-heteronormative sexual identity and HIV. The general population's lack of information about HIV has proven to be a factor that promotes stigma. It was found that sexual prejudice and stigma associated with HIV manifest themselves in the form of rejection in family, romantic and/or sexual relationships. Furthermore, internalized and anticipated stigma proved to be determining factors in the choice to disclose an HIV diagnosis. Finally, it was possible to observe evidence of post-traumatic growth in the participants, with the HIV diagnosis acting as a catalyst for these growth processes. The post-traumatic growth manifestations observed corresponded to better interpersonal relationships, a greater sense of personal strength and recognition of new possibilities. The importance of social support and community involvement in the post-traumatic growth process was highlighted. This study allowed us to know and understand in depth and complexity the stigma experiences of this population and how they may be associated with post-traumatic growth.
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to study the experiences of stigma and post-traumatic growth processes in a population of men with non-heteronormative sexual identities living with HIV. The sample group is three men aged between 30 and 32 years old. The Photovoice methodology allowed participants to explore and share their experiences through photographs taken by themselves. A face-to-face discussion was held with the focus group, in which the group was asked several questions and presented some of the photographs taken. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis, and five themes were identified. The results indicate that this population is subject to double stigma, due to the association made between non-heteronormative sexual identity and HIV. The general population's lack of information about HIV has proven to be a factor that promotes stigma. It was found that sexual prejudice and stigma associated with HIV manifest themselves in the form of rejection in family, romantic and/or sexual relationships. Furthermore, internalized and anticipated stigma proved to be determining factors in the choice to disclose an HIV diagnosis. Finally, it was possible to observe evidence of post-traumatic growth in the participants, with the HIV diagnosis acting as a catalyst for these growth processes. The post-traumatic growth manifestations observed corresponded to better interpersonal relationships, a greater sense of personal strength and recognition of new possibilities. The importance of social support and community involvement in the post-traumatic growth process was highlighted. This study allowed us to know and understand in depth and complexity the stigma experiences of this population and how they may be associated with post-traumatic growth.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a
orientação do Professor Doutor Pedro
Alexandre Costa, apresentada no Ispa –
Instituto Universitário para obtenção de
grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Estigma VIH Photovoice Crescimento Pós-Traumático Stigma HIV Photovoice Posttraumatic growth