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Publication
Atitudes e crenças dos alunos do ispa face ao consumo do tabaco
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O maior risco que os jovens correm quando começam a fumar é o de ficar dependentes do
tabaco, muitas vezes para a vida inteira, expondo-se a um risco imediato e futuro de contrair
doenças graves. Tem-se verificado, nos últimos anos, um aumento da prevalência do
consumo de tabaco nos jovens de ambos os sexos, particularmente nas raparigas.
O presente estudo investiga as atitudes e crenças dos alunos do ISPA face aos hábitos
tabágicos. Para tal, foi administrado um questionário a uma amostra de 163 alunos, dos
quais 30 (18,4%) eram rapazes e 133 (81,6%) raparigas. A média de idades é de 24 anos. O
modelo implícito no Questionário é o Modelo da Acção Reflectida de Fishbein e Ajzen
(1975), mas porque factores externos podem também, por intermédio de atitudes
específicas e componentes normativas afectar a intenção comportamental, adicionou-se um
conjunto de variáveis. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que os alunos fumadores do
ISPA participantes neste estudo são na sua maioria fumadores regulares (52,2%) e fumam
em média entre 11 a 20 cigarros por dia. Em média iniciaram o seu consumo pelos 16 anos
devido a vários factores: curiosidade, influência dos amigos e integração no grupo de pares
foram as principais razões de iniciação ao consumo do tabaco.
Cerca de 53,9% dos alunos pretende continuar a fumar no futuro e esta intenção é tanto
mais forte quanto maior o numero de cigarros fumados. Os alunos fumadores parecem
reduzir as expectativas de contrair uma doença grave resultante do consumo do tabaco
manifestando desta forma um efeito de dissonância cognitiva. Urge por isso a necessidade
de se tomar medidas de prevenção secundária nesta instituição de forma a contribuir para
uma melhoria significativa da qualidade de vida e saúde pública dos frequentadores desta
instituição.
ABSTRACT: The biggest risk that youngsters face when they start smoking is to become addicted, often for their whole life, exposing themselves to an immediate and future risks of contracting serious diseases. There has been, in past few years, a significant raise in the use of tobacco in young people of both sexes, particularly in girls. This project has the purpose to investigate the attitudes and beliefs of a group of students, concerning smoking habits. An adapted questionnaire was applied to a sample of 163 students of whom 30 (18,4%) were boys and 133 (81,6%) girls. The average ages is 24 years old. The theory implied in this questionnaire is the theory of Reasoned Action (Fishbein & Ajzen 1975), but due to the fact that some external factors can also, affect the behavioral intention of the subjects, mediated by specific attitudes or normative components, a set of new variables was added to this study. The results allow to conclude that most of the studied sample (52,2%), are regular smokers smoking 11 to 20 cigars for day and began smoking at around 16 years old due to factors as: Curiosity, influence of their friends and being accepted by their equals. About of 53,9% students intend to keep smoking in the future and this increases proportionally to the number of cigarettes that are smoked. The inquired pupils seem to lower their expectations about getting a serious disease from the addiction to tobacco sharing an effect of Cognitive Dissonance. It is necessary and urgent to take some measures of prevention in this institution so to contribute to a significant improvement in the life quality and the health of the students.
ABSTRACT: The biggest risk that youngsters face when they start smoking is to become addicted, often for their whole life, exposing themselves to an immediate and future risks of contracting serious diseases. There has been, in past few years, a significant raise in the use of tobacco in young people of both sexes, particularly in girls. This project has the purpose to investigate the attitudes and beliefs of a group of students, concerning smoking habits. An adapted questionnaire was applied to a sample of 163 students of whom 30 (18,4%) were boys and 133 (81,6%) girls. The average ages is 24 years old. The theory implied in this questionnaire is the theory of Reasoned Action (Fishbein & Ajzen 1975), but due to the fact that some external factors can also, affect the behavioral intention of the subjects, mediated by specific attitudes or normative components, a set of new variables was added to this study. The results allow to conclude that most of the studied sample (52,2%), are regular smokers smoking 11 to 20 cigars for day and began smoking at around 16 years old due to factors as: Curiosity, influence of their friends and being accepted by their equals. About of 53,9% students intend to keep smoking in the future and this increases proportionally to the number of cigarettes that are smoked. The inquired pupils seem to lower their expectations about getting a serious disease from the addiction to tobacco sharing an effect of Cognitive Dissonance. It is necessary and urgent to take some measures of prevention in this institution so to contribute to a significant improvement in the life quality and the health of the students.
Description
Keywords
Tabaco Atitudes Prevenção Tobacco Attitudes Prevention