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Proportion dominance in valuing lives: The role of deliberative thinking
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Autores
Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
Proportion responding (PR) is the preference for proportionally higher gains, such that the same absolute quantity is valued
more as the reference group decreases. This research investigated this kind of proportion PR in decisions about saving lives
(e.g., saving 10/10 lives is preferred to saving 10/100 lives). The results of two studies suggest that PR does not stem from an
overall tendency to choose higher proportions, but rather from faulty deliberative reasoning. In particular, people who display
PR are less likely to engage in deliberative reflection as measured by response time, the Process Dissociation Procedure,
the Cognitive Reflection Test, a numeracy test, and a task assessing denominator neglect. This association between faulty
deliberation and PR was observed only when choosing the highest proportion was non-normative because it came at the
expense of absolute gains (e.g., saving 10/10 lives is preferred to saving 11/100 lives). These results help to make sense of
discrepant findings in previous research, pertaining to how PR relates to biased reasoning and decision making.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Proportion dominance Cognitive reflection Numeracy Denominator neglect Value of life Normativity
Contexto Educativo
Citação
Judgment and Decision Making, 11, 441-448.
Editora
European Association for Decision Making