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Desigualdades na divisão do trabalho familiar, sentimento de justiça e processos de comparação social
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Os estudos sobre a organização familiar mostram
que, apesar do ingresso em massa das mulheres no
mercado de trabalho, poucas mudanças ocorreram na
divisão do trabalho familiar entre os cônjuges. Assim,
as práticas familiares desiguais mantêm-se em
sociedades baseadas numa ética igualitarista sem que,
paradoxalmente, esse facto suscite um sentimento de
injustiça. Esta constatação originou diversas tentativas
de explicação, sendo uma delas que as comparações,
selectivas, efectuadas pelas mulheres as levam a
considerar a divisão desigual do trabalho familiar
apropriada. O presente trabalho procura questionar
esta explicação e mostrar que a maior parte das
comparações entre homens e mulheres levam a avaliar
comportamentos semelhantes de forma diferente, na
medida em que esses comportamentos são ajustados
aos papéis de género tradicionais e, logo, as suas
avaliações assentam numa duplicidade de critérios. É
proposto que a utilização de critérios idênticos para os
julgamentos relativos às competências e aos papéis dos
homens e das mulheres é uma condição indispensável
para a justiça social.
The studies conducted on family organization have shown that, in spite of the mass entry of women into the labour market, there have been only few changes in the way spouses divide the family work. As a result, unequal family practices are maintained in societies based on an egalitarian ethics without, paradoxically, producing a feeling of injustice. This observation has been at the origin of several attempts of explanation, one of those being that the comparisons made by women are selective and lead them to view the unequal division of family work as appropriate. The present paper questions this explanation and attempts to show that most comparisons between men and women lead to evaluate similar behaviours in a different way, because they are adjusted to the traditional gender roles and thus rest on double standards. It defends that using identical criteria for the judgments of men and women’s competences and roles is an indispensable condition to achieve more justice in our society.
The studies conducted on family organization have shown that, in spite of the mass entry of women into the labour market, there have been only few changes in the way spouses divide the family work. As a result, unequal family practices are maintained in societies based on an egalitarian ethics without, paradoxically, producing a feeling of injustice. This observation has been at the origin of several attempts of explanation, one of those being that the comparisons made by women are selective and lead them to view the unequal division of family work as appropriate. The present paper questions this explanation and attempts to show that most comparisons between men and women lead to evaluate similar behaviours in a different way, because they are adjusted to the traditional gender roles and thus rest on double standards. It defends that using identical criteria for the judgments of men and women’s competences and roles is an indispensable condition to achieve more justice in our society.
Description
Keywords
Comparação social Justiça Organização familiar Papéis de género Poder Family organization Gender roles Justice Power Social comparison
Citation
Análise Psicológica, 28(1), 29-42.
Publisher
Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada