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Solidão e reconhecimento de expressões faciais: um estudo com base na teoria da deteção do sinal
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Orientador(es)
Resumo(s)
A solidão tem sido associada a diversas consequências negativas para a saúde física e
mental, bem como a alterações cognitivas que afetam a perceção social. O presente estudo teve
como objetivo analisar a relação entre solidão e o reconhecimento de expressões faciais.
A aplicação da Teoria da Deteção do Sinal (TDS) neste contexto permitiu ultrapassar limitações
dos métodos tradicionais e distinguir entre diferentes componentes do processamento emocional.
No estudo participaram 125 adultos, que completaram UCLA Loneliness Scale-16,
Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (subescalas de depressão e ansiedade) e uma tarefa de
reconhecimento facial com expressões de alegria, raiva, tristeza, medo e neutra em diferentes
intensidades (20%, 40%, 60%).
Os resultados revelaram um efeito da solidão na perceção emocional, verificando-se um
aumento na atribuição incorreta de expressões como neutras. A análise com recurso à TDS
mostrou que as diferenças encontradas não resultam de uma menor capacidade de discriminação
entre estímulos, mas sim de uma tendência de resposta mais liberal para identificar expressões
emocionais como neutras.
Estas diferenças têm implicações relevantes para a compreensão das dificuldades sociais
associadas à solidão e sugerem possíveis aplicações no desenvolvimento de intervenções
direcionadas à melhoria do reconhecimento emocional e integração social.
Loneliness has been associated with various negative consequences for physical and mental health, as well as cognitive alterations that affect social perception. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between loneliness and facial emotion recognition. Application of Signal Detection Theory (SDT) in this context allowed to overcome limitations inherent to traditional methods and enabled the distinction between different components of emotional processing. A total of 125 adults participated in the study. They completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale-16, the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (depression and anxiety subscales), and a facial recognition task including expressions of happiness, anger, sadness, fear, and neutrality, presented at varying intensities (20%, 40%, and 60%). The results revealed an effect of loneliness on emotional perception, with an increase in the misattribution of emotional expressions as neutral. The analysis with SDT showed that the observed differences did not stem from a reduced ability to discriminate between stimuli, but rather from liberal response criterion to identify emotional faces as neutral. These findings have relevant implications for understanding the social difficulties associated with loneliness and suggest potential applications in the development of interventions aimed to improve emotional recognition and social integration.
Loneliness has been associated with various negative consequences for physical and mental health, as well as cognitive alterations that affect social perception. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between loneliness and facial emotion recognition. Application of Signal Detection Theory (SDT) in this context allowed to overcome limitations inherent to traditional methods and enabled the distinction between different components of emotional processing. A total of 125 adults participated in the study. They completed the UCLA Loneliness Scale-16, the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (depression and anxiety subscales), and a facial recognition task including expressions of happiness, anger, sadness, fear, and neutrality, presented at varying intensities (20%, 40%, and 60%). The results revealed an effect of loneliness on emotional perception, with an increase in the misattribution of emotional expressions as neutral. The analysis with SDT showed that the observed differences did not stem from a reduced ability to discriminate between stimuli, but rather from liberal response criterion to identify emotional faces as neutral. These findings have relevant implications for understanding the social difficulties associated with loneliness and suggest potential applications in the development of interventions aimed to improve emotional recognition and social integration.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre naespecialidade de Psicologia Social e das Organizações
Palavras-chave
Solidão Reconhecimento de expressões faciais Enviesamento cognitivo Teoria da Deteção do Sinal Loneliness Facial emotion recognition Cognitive bias Signal Detection Theory