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O uso de chatbot entre portugueses e brasileiros: Um estudo exploratório
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Introdução: O Problematic Use of Conversational Artificial Inteligence (PUCAI) é o uso excessivo de chatbot, causando frequentemente consequências indesejáveis na vida quotidiana. O PUCAI pode ter caráter social, laboral/ educacional e pode diminuir o contacto humano. O objetivo deste estudo é criar um instrumento para medir o PUCAI, verificar fatores que predizem o PUCAI e analisar as diferenças entre as amostras portuguesa e brasileira. Método: Adultos entre 18 e 45 anos preencheram um questionário online que incluiu questões sociodemográficas, Escala de Alterações Funcionais pelo Uso Problemático de Internet – AFUPI (adaptado para medir o uso problemático emocional/ comportamental de chatbot), Social Phobia Inventory (avaliou a ansiedade social), UCLA Loneliness Scale (avaliou a solidão), escalas de Uso de Chatbot (desenvolvida neste estudo, para avaliar o uso problemático Social/ relacional, Laboral/ Acadêmica, Íntima/ romântica de chatbot). Resultados: PUCAI emocional associou-se com solidão (βBr=0,49; p < ,001; βPt=0,43; p < ,001) e pela ausência de relacionamento amoroso (βBr=-0,18; p=,02). Mulheres (βBr=0,14; p= ,03), Adultos (34-45 anos) (βPt=0,24; p=,05) e participantes com maiores níveis de solidão (βBr=0,25; p < ,001; β Pt=0,15; p = ,09) são quem mais apresentaram PUCAI comportamental. Conclusão: A solidão prediz o PUCAI comportamental e emocional do chatbot, o que pode isolar mais o indivíduo e agravar seus níveis de solidão. Foi elaborado um novo instrumento nesta temática que poderá ser validado num estudo futuro. Se verificou diferenças significativas nas duas amostras, que colaboram na identificação de grupos de risco para futuras pesquisas e intervenções, em amostras semelhantes.
Introduction: Problematic Use of Conversational Artificial Intelligence (PUCAI) refers to excessive chatbot engagement that may lead to undesirable consequences in daily life, including reduced human contact and impairments in social, academic/work, and romantic domains. This study aimed to develop a new instrument to assess PUCAI, identify predictive factors, and compare Portuguese and Brazilian samples. Method: Adults aged 18–45 completed an online survey including sociodemographic questions, the adapted Functional Impairment Scale for Problematic Internet Use (AFUPI), the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and newly developed Chatbot Use Scales assessing problematic use across relational, academic/work, and romantic dimensions. Results: Emotional PUCAI was significantly predicted by loneliness (βBr=0,49; p < ,001; βPt=0,43; p < ,001) and absence of a romantic relationship (βBr=-0,18; p=,02). Behavioral PUCAI was associated with loneliness (βBr=0,25; p < ,001; β Pt=0,15; p = ,09), female gender (βBr=0,14; p= ,03), and age group 34–45 years (βPt=0,24; p=,05). Conclusion: Findings suggest that loneliness is a key predictor of both emotional and behavioral PUCAI, potentially exacerbating social isolation. The newly developed instrument offers a foundation for future validation studies. Significant differences between Portuguese and Brazilian samples highlight the importance of identifying at-risk groups for targeted research and interventions.
Introduction: Problematic Use of Conversational Artificial Intelligence (PUCAI) refers to excessive chatbot engagement that may lead to undesirable consequences in daily life, including reduced human contact and impairments in social, academic/work, and romantic domains. This study aimed to develop a new instrument to assess PUCAI, identify predictive factors, and compare Portuguese and Brazilian samples. Method: Adults aged 18–45 completed an online survey including sociodemographic questions, the adapted Functional Impairment Scale for Problematic Internet Use (AFUPI), the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and newly developed Chatbot Use Scales assessing problematic use across relational, academic/work, and romantic dimensions. Results: Emotional PUCAI was significantly predicted by loneliness (βBr=0,49; p < ,001; βPt=0,43; p < ,001) and absence of a romantic relationship (βBr=-0,18; p=,02). Behavioral PUCAI was associated with loneliness (βBr=0,25; p < ,001; β Pt=0,15; p = ,09), female gender (βBr=0,14; p= ,03), and age group 34–45 years (βPt=0,24; p=,05). Conclusion: Findings suggest that loneliness is a key predictor of both emotional and behavioral PUCAI, potentially exacerbating social isolation. The newly developed instrument offers a foundation for future validation studies. Significant differences between Portuguese and Brazilian samples highlight the importance of identifying at-risk groups for targeted research and interventions.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Uso problemático de chatbot Inteligência artificial Solidão Ansiedade social Problematic chatbot use Artificial intelligence Loneliness Social anxiety