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Sussurros de terras e almas: (Des)esperança, depressão, suporte social e identidade ambiental
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Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a Desesperança, enquanto indicador de saúde mental e fator de risco para o suicídio, em articulação com outras variáveis relevantes, nomeadamente os Sintomas Depressivos, o Suporte Social Percebido e a Identidade Ambiental. Foi também analisada a influência de determinantes sociodemográficos e psicossociais. A amostra foi constituída por 356 participantes, naturais de Portugal e dos Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa (PALOP), que responderam a quatro instrumentos psicométricos validados.
Foram realizadas análises de variância (ANOVA One-Way) e regressões lineares múltiplas. Os resultados indicaram diferenças significativas associadas a fatores contextuais: participantes portugueses apresentaram mais Suporte Social Percebido, enquanto indivíduos dos PALOP, residentes fora do país de origem, revelaram mais Desesperança. Solteiros e participantes de níveis socioeconómicos mais baixos evidenciaram mais Sintomas Depressivos e Desesperança. O modelo de regressão principal explicou 34,5% da variância da Desesperança, identificando os Sintomas Depressivos como preditor positivo forte, e o Suporte Social Percebido e a Identidade Ambiental como preditores negativos significativos.
Conclui-se que a saúde mental deve ser observada segundo uma perspetiva multidimensional, integrando fatores individuais, sociais e ambientais. Estes resultados reforçam a necessidade de criar intervenções, bem como programas que promovam redes de suporte, que combatam desigualdades socioeconómicas e incentivem a ligação à natureza como estratégia de promoção do bem-estar psicológico.
This study aimed to analyze hopelessness as an indicator of mental health and a risk factor for suicide, in conjunction with other relevant variables, namely depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and environmental identity. The influence of sociodemographic and psychosocial determinants was also examined. The sample consisted of 356 participants, natives of Portugal and Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP), who completed four validated psychometric instruments. One-way ANOVAs and multiple linear regressions were conducted. The results indicated significant differences associated with contextual factors: Portuguese participants reported higher levels of perceived social support, while individuals from PALOP countries residing outside their country of origin exhibited greater hopelessness. Single participants and those from lower socioeconomic strata showed more depressive symptoms and hopelessness. The main regression model explained 34.5% of the variance in hopelessness, identifying depressive symptoms as the strongest positive predictor, and perceived social support and environmental identity as significant negative predictors. It is concluded that mental health should be understood from a multidimensional perspective, integrating individual, social, and environmental factors. These findings underscore the need for interventions and programs that promote support networks, combat socioeconomic inequalities, and encourage connection with nature as a strategy for promoting psychological well-being.
This study aimed to analyze hopelessness as an indicator of mental health and a risk factor for suicide, in conjunction with other relevant variables, namely depressive symptoms, perceived social support, and environmental identity. The influence of sociodemographic and psychosocial determinants was also examined. The sample consisted of 356 participants, natives of Portugal and Portuguese-speaking African Countries (PALOP), who completed four validated psychometric instruments. One-way ANOVAs and multiple linear regressions were conducted. The results indicated significant differences associated with contextual factors: Portuguese participants reported higher levels of perceived social support, while individuals from PALOP countries residing outside their country of origin exhibited greater hopelessness. Single participants and those from lower socioeconomic strata showed more depressive symptoms and hopelessness. The main regression model explained 34.5% of the variance in hopelessness, identifying depressive symptoms as the strongest positive predictor, and perceived social support and environmental identity as significant negative predictors. It is concluded that mental health should be understood from a multidimensional perspective, integrating individual, social, and environmental factors. These findings underscore the need for interventions and programs that promote support networks, combat socioeconomic inequalities, and encourage connection with nature as a strategy for promoting psychological well-being.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica.
Palavras-chave
Sintomas depressivos Desesperança Suporte social Identidade ambiental Fatores sociodemográficos. Depressive symptoms Hopelessness Social support Environmental identity Sociodemographic factors