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Como eu me encontro nos outros: A autoestima como mediadora da relação entre a vinculação do adulto e a intimidade nas relações amorosas
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Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Apesar da vasta investigação sobre a vinculação, ainda há lacunas por preencher
na literatura no que concerne à relação dos estilos de vinculação na construção das relações
amorosas dos adultos. A vinculação ao par amoroso é aquela onde mais se expressam os
comportamentos de vinculação do adulto, implicando a sua capacidade para estabelecer
relações de intimidade. Assim, torna-se fundamental compreender os aspetos que contribuem
para a construção de relacionamentos com maiores níveis de intimidade e, portanto, mais
saudáveis e satisfatórios. A autoestima tem sido apontada na literatura como sendo afetada
pelos estilos de vinculação, bem como impactando a abertura à intimidade nos relacionamentos
amorosos, pelo que pode ser hipotetizada como mediadora desta relação. Objetivo: Testar o
papel mediador da autoestima na relação entre a vinculação do adulto e o envolvimento íntimo
nas relações amorosas. Método: A amostra foi composta por 134 adultos (96 mulheres e 38
homens) com uma média de idade de 31.56 anos (DP = 19-67), que se encontravam numa
relação amorosa há pelo menos seis meses. A recolha de dados decorreu em formato online,
através da plataforma Google Forms. Foram utilizados os instrumentos: Experiências nas
Relações Próximas – Estruturas Relacionais (ERP-ER), Escala de Avaliação da Intimidade na
Relação (PAIR) e Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (RSES). Resultados: As dimensões da
vinculação associaram-se negativa e significativamente com todas as dimensões da intimidade.
A autoestima demonstrou mediar parcialmente a relação entre ambas as dimensões da escala
de vinculação e a “validação pessoal” da intimidade. Estes resultados abrem a discussão a uma
nova possibilidade de intervenção clínica com indivíduos com padrões de vinculação
inseguros, que procure melhorar a intimidade nas relações amorosas através do
desenvolvimento de uma autoestima mais positiva
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Despite extensive research on attachment, there remain gaps in the literature regarding the role of insecure attachment styles in shaping adults’ interpersonal relationships. Attachment to a romantic partner is where attachment behaviors are most prominently expressed and have the greatest impact on well-being. Thus, understanding which factors contribute to developing relationships with higher levels of intimacy, thereby fostering healthier and more satisfying relationships is essential. Self-esteem has been identified in literature as being influenced by attachment styles and as affecting openness to intimacy in romantic relationships; therefore, it may be hypothesized as a mediator in this relationship. Objective: This study aims to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between adult attachment and intimate involvement in romantic relationships. Method: The sample consisted of 134 adults (96 women and 38 men) with a mean age of 31.56 years (SD = 19-67), who had been in a romantic relationship for at least six months. Data collection was conducted online through Google Forms platform. The instruments used were Experiences in Close Relationships – Relationship Structures (ECR-RS), Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Results: Attachment dimensions were negatively and significantly associated with all intimacy dimensions. Selfesteem was found to partially mediate the relationship between both attachment dimensions and the “personal validation” dimension of intimacy. These results open the discussion to a new possibility for clinical intervention with insecure attached individuals, aiming at enhancing intimacy in romantic relationships through the development of more positive self-esteem.
ABSTRACT: Introduction: Despite extensive research on attachment, there remain gaps in the literature regarding the role of insecure attachment styles in shaping adults’ interpersonal relationships. Attachment to a romantic partner is where attachment behaviors are most prominently expressed and have the greatest impact on well-being. Thus, understanding which factors contribute to developing relationships with higher levels of intimacy, thereby fostering healthier and more satisfying relationships is essential. Self-esteem has been identified in literature as being influenced by attachment styles and as affecting openness to intimacy in romantic relationships; therefore, it may be hypothesized as a mediator in this relationship. Objective: This study aims to examine the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between adult attachment and intimate involvement in romantic relationships. Method: The sample consisted of 134 adults (96 women and 38 men) with a mean age of 31.56 years (SD = 19-67), who had been in a romantic relationship for at least six months. Data collection was conducted online through Google Forms platform. The instruments used were Experiences in Close Relationships – Relationship Structures (ECR-RS), Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships (PAIR) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Results: Attachment dimensions were negatively and significantly associated with all intimacy dimensions. Selfesteem was found to partially mediate the relationship between both attachment dimensions and the “personal validation” dimension of intimacy. These results open the discussion to a new possibility for clinical intervention with insecure attached individuals, aiming at enhancing intimacy in romantic relationships through the development of more positive self-esteem.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto
Universitário para obtenção de grau
de Mestre na especialidade de Psicologia Clínica
Keywords
Vinculação do adulto Relações românticas Intimidade Autoestima Adult attachment Romantic relationships Intimacy Self-esteem