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Publication
Influência da expectativa na toma da substância psicadélica Ayahuasca
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| 1.67 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Vários estudos demonstram os efeitos positivos que os psicadélicos podem ter na saúde mental.
Alguns investigadores sugerem que os benefícios e os efeitos subjetivos destas substâncias
devem-se a efeitos placebo. Existe necessidade de perceber se estes efeitos são explicados pela
substância ou por outros fatores. A presente investigação pretende perceber que influência as
expectativas podem ter na intensidade da experiência mística com ayahuasca. O estudo conta
com 56 participantes no primeiro momento e 41 no segundo momento de recolha de dados.
Estes têm mais de 18 anos e participaram em retiros de toma de ayahuasca. O primeiro momento
de recolha de dados é feito antes da toma da substância e contém o questionário
sociodemográfico e uma versão adaptada ao contexto dos psicadélicos da SETS. O segundo
momento é feito após a toma e contém a MEQ30. Considerando a amostra global, não foi
encontrada uma associação significativa entre a expectativa e a experiência mística. Indivíduos
que nunca tomaram psicadélicos recreativamente sem apoio mostram uma associação positiva
entre a expectativa positiva e a experiência mística. Aqueles que participaram anteriormente
em cerimónias com apoio apresentam uma expectativa positiva e experiência mística superior.
Indivíduos que não tomaram em contexto recreativo sem apoio apresentam uma expectativa
positiva mais elevada e participantes que tomaram recreativamente sem apoio apresentam
expressam mais humor positivo. Os resultados mostram a importância de ter em conta o
contexto, o apoio recebido, a experiência anterior no estudo das expectativas e experiências
com psicadélicos no estudo e administração de substâncias psicadélicas.
ABSTRACT: Several studies show the positive effects that psychedelics can have on mental health. Some researchers suggest that the benefits and subjective effects of these substances may be due to placebo effects. There is a need to understand whether these effects are explained by the substance itself or by other factors. The present research aims to comprehend the influence that expectations can have on the intensity of the mystical experience with ayahuasca. The study includes 56 participants in the first moment and 41 in the second data collection moment. They are all over 18 years old and have participated in ayahuasca retreats. The first data collection moment occurs before the administration of the substance and includes a sociodemographic questionnaire and an adapted version of SETS tailored to the context of psychedelics. The second moment occurs after the administration and includes the MEQ30. Considering the overall sample, no significant association was found between expectation and the mystical experience. Individuals who have never taken psychedelics recreationally without support show a positive association between positive expectation and the mystical experience. Those who have participated previously in ceremonies with support have a higher positive expectation and a superior mystical experience. Individuals who have not taken recreationally without support express a higher positive expectation, and participants who have taken recreationally without support exhibit more positive mood. The results show the importance of considering context, support received, and previous experience in studying expectations and experiences with psychedelics in the research and administration of psychedelics substances.
ABSTRACT: Several studies show the positive effects that psychedelics can have on mental health. Some researchers suggest that the benefits and subjective effects of these substances may be due to placebo effects. There is a need to understand whether these effects are explained by the substance itself or by other factors. The present research aims to comprehend the influence that expectations can have on the intensity of the mystical experience with ayahuasca. The study includes 56 participants in the first moment and 41 in the second data collection moment. They are all over 18 years old and have participated in ayahuasca retreats. The first data collection moment occurs before the administration of the substance and includes a sociodemographic questionnaire and an adapted version of SETS tailored to the context of psychedelics. The second moment occurs after the administration and includes the MEQ30. Considering the overall sample, no significant association was found between expectation and the mystical experience. Individuals who have never taken psychedelics recreationally without support show a positive association between positive expectation and the mystical experience. Those who have participated previously in ceremonies with support have a higher positive expectation and a superior mystical experience. Individuals who have not taken recreationally without support express a higher positive expectation, and participants who have taken recreationally without support exhibit more positive mood. The results show the importance of considering context, support received, and previous experience in studying expectations and experiences with psychedelics in the research and administration of psychedelics substances.
Description
Dissertação de Mestrado realizada sob a
orientação de Professora Doutora Carolina Seybert,
apresentada no Ispa – Instituto Universitário para
obtenção de grau de Mestre na especialidade de
Psicologia Clínica.
Keywords
Expectativa Ayahuasca Psicadélicos Experiência mística Efeito placebo Expectancy Ayahuasca Psychedelics Mystical experience Placebo effect